HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 5.2Town of Los Altos Hills July 22, 2004
Staff Report to the Planning Commisston
RE: LANDSCAPE WATER CONSERVATION IN THE TOWN OF LAS ALTOS HILLS.
FROM: Angelica Herrera Olivera, Assistant Planner*
APPROVED BY: Carl Cahill, Planning Director CC,
RECOMMENDATION That the Planning Commission:
1. Review the following staff report and direct staff to update the existing Town Landscape
Recommendations handout regarding Landscape Water Conservation.
BACKGROUND
The Town of Los Altos hills is served by two water districts. The Purissima Fills Water District
serves approximately two-thirds of the Town while the California Water Service Company serves
the remaining one-third of the Town (Attachment 1). According to their records, the Purissima
Hills Water District is consistently exceeding their water allocation by as much as 35%. In 2003,
the Water District calculated that 8 percent of their customers utilized approximately 75% of the
water usage for the high water month of August (Attachment 2).
The California Water Service Company offers water conservation tools to all of their customers
through a partnership with the Santa Clara Valley Water District. According to the Office
Manager at the California Water's Los Altos District office, high water usage is monitored on a
daily basis and is dealt with on an individual case-by-case basis through customer service and
public awareness.
On June 18, 1999, the Purissima Hills Water District gave a presentation to the City Council
regarding water conservation and landscaping and asked the Council to enforce mandatory
landscaping regulations. The City Council unanimously recommended that the Water District
draft a set of regulations regarding water conservation and landscaping issues and bring the
proposed ordinance back to the Council for review (Attachment 3).
In May of 2003, Water District Director Fenwick initiated discussion with Councilmembers Kerr
and O'Malley regarding water conservation and landscaping regulations. On September 18,
2003, the Planning Commission and City Council had a joint meeting to review and discuss a
number of issues including water conservation. At this joint meeting, the Planning Commission
was directed to work with the Purissima Hills Water District to identify possible solutions to
increased water consumption in the Town (Attachment 4).
CURRENT WATER CONSERVATION EFFORTS AND PUBLICATIONS
Pursuant to Section 10-2.301 of the Municipal Code, the Town currently requires that a
landscape screening and erosion control plan be reviewed, approved, and installed in conjunction
with the construction of a new residence or major addition. The Town's current efforts toward
landscape water conservation involve the distribution of our Landscape Recommendations Guide
I darape Water Cons aaon Policy
Planning Commission
JWy 22, 2004
Page 2 of 4
and water -efficient landscaping publications from the Santa Clara Valley Water District and U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (Attachments 5, 6 and 7). The City Council approved the
Landscape Recommendations Guide on May 6, 1999. The guide, which was prepared by the
Environmental Design and Protection Committee, suggests design considerations for proposed
landscape and plantings, provides landscaping precautions near oak trees, and explains
landscaping issues in Town such as erosion and flood control, fire protection, and water
conservation. The Guide also provides helpful landscape maintenance tips, as well as a listing of
native, invasive and poisonous plants.
LOCAL LANDSCAPE WATER CONSERVATION
A survey of local jurisdictions indicates that only one community, which is similar in land use
characteristics to Los Altos Hills, has a landscape ordinance that is intended to enforce water
conservation on single family residences.
The Municipal Code of the Town of Hillsborough requires that all developed property within the
town be landscaped (Attachment 8). This is similar to the Town of Los Altos Hills. In efforts to
conserve water, the Town of Hillsborough allows no more than thirty-four (34%) percent of the
softscape area (all lot coverage that is not structural coverage or hardscape coverage) of a lot
occupied by a dwelling to be devoted to high water use areas such as pools, spas, fountains and
other water features; lawn or turf areas; and other high water use plants. The Town of
Hillsborough distributes an 11 -page packet on how to prepare a Landscaping Application
(Attachment 9). Each Landscaping Application includes one set of geometric verifications for
the high water use area calculations on a full-size planting plan. The Town retains the services of
a Landscape Architect to review the application and inspect the landscape installation. The costs
of these services are charged back to the applicant.
A similar landscape ordinance could be drafted by staff for the Planning Commission's review.
However, such an ordinance is not recommended at this time for the following reasons:
1. Unlike the Town of Los Altos Hills, the Town of Hillsborough is directly responsible
for water conservation because it provides water utility service to its residents.
Hillsborough can rely on water user rates and additional property tax revenue to fund
the enforcement of its water conservation ordinance.
2. The long term effectiveness of the Hillsborough ordinance appears questionable. The
Purissima Hills Water District's research revealed that the ordinance was ineffective
at reducing water consumption in Hillsborough (Attachment 10).
3. The ordinance would be difficult to enforce. Most residents do not install
comprehensive landscaping prior to occupancy of their new home—only enough for
screening and erosion control. New homeowners typically express a desire to live in
the home for awhile before installing full landscaping. Other homeowners install
landscaping incrementally in a series of small projects not readily detected. Once the
Town has granted occupancy of the new residence, staff has no authority (or
expertise) to enter private property at will and inspect landscaping and irrigation.
Landscape water Conner anon Policy
planning Commission
July 22, 2004
Page 3 of 4
Data on resident water usage would have to be obtained from the two separate water
districts.
4. A strict water conservation landscape ordinance may induce some residents to simply
dig a well to avoid ordinance requirements. The Town does not issue well permits.
Wells are subject to review by the County Health Department.
OTHER WATER CONSERVATION PROGRAMS AVAILABLE TO TOWN RESIDENTS
Most large water districts have websites with extensive online water conservation programs. The
Santa Clara Valley Water District's online water conservation program for homeowners includes
information regarding water efficient landscaping workshops, a Going Native Garden Tour, and
free Water -Wise house calls where trained water surveyors will come out to customer's home
and review their water use and suggest water -wise recommendations (Attachment 11). For
businesses, the SCVWD provides an Irrigation Technical Assistance Program where auditors
perform free site evaluations to help property owners manage their water use. Landscape
professionals can also receive training in Landscape Water Auditing, Water Budgeting, and
Irrigation workshops to help conserve water.
SUMMARY
The Town has limited economic and organizational resources with which it must already
carryout a multitude of natural resource conservation responsibilities as mandated in the Town
General Plan, the Municipal Code as well as various State and Federal laws. These
responsibilities include enforcing surface water quality standards (NPDES), preserving
vegetation and wildlife to the maximum extent possible while accommodating low density
residential development, protecting soils through erosion control regulations and protecting life
and property through the enforcement of building & zoning codes, drainage and geotechnical
standards.
State and Federal laws do not mandate the Town to enact or enforce mandatory landscaping
water conservation measures on individual homeowners at this time.
The Town should continue to provide residents with educational materials such as its drought
tolerant Landscape Guidelines booklet. The Town could also update these materials to reflect
current best management practices.
If the Planning Commission and City Council decide to voluntarily enact a landscaping water
conservation ordinance, a source of funding should be first identified to pay for this new
program. Perhaps the Town could enter into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the
two water districts in order to obtain water usage data and recover costs associated with the new
water conservation enforcement program.
Landscape Water Conservation Policy
Planning Commission
July 22, 2004
Page 4 of 4
ATTACHMENTS
1. Water District Service Area Map, (1 page);
2. PHWD Water Usage for August 2003 (1 page);
3. June 18, 1999 City Council Meeting Minutes (3 pages);
4. September 18, 2003 Joint City Council and Planning Commission Meeting Minutes (2
pages);
5. Town Landscape Recommendations Guide, Approved May 6, 1999 (22 pages);
6. Santa Clara Valley Water District Publication, "Rules of Thumb for Water -Wise
Gardening" (22 pages);
7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Publication, "Water -Efficient Landscaping" (20
pages);
S. Town of Hillsborough Municipal Code regarding Landscaping (4 pages);
9. Town of Hillsborough Landscaping Application Packet (11 pages);
10. August 13, 2003 PHWD Meeting Minutes (2 pages);
11. Santa Clara Valley Water District Online Water Conservation Programs (3 pages).
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ATTACHMENT 2 -
Monthly Consumption of Water by Customers — August 1999 and 2003
PHWD Usage by Percentage of District
�—A gg9co
. 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of Customers
The shaded area represents the amount of water utilized by 92% of
the District's customers in August of 2003. The remaining white
area represents 75% of the water consumption in the same month
by only 8% of the Water District's customers.
1729/97ar
Town of Los Altos Hills
City Council Special Meeting
JOINT MEETING WITH THE PURISSIMA HILLS
WATER DISTRICT BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Friday, June 18, 1999, 2:00 P.M.
Town Hall 26379 Fremont Road
1. CALL TO ORDER AND ROLL CALL
Page I of 3
Minutes of a Special Meeting
ATTACHMENT June 18,
3 1999
Mayor Dauber called the Special Meeting of the City Council to order at 2:05 p.m. in the Council Chambers at Town
Hall.
Absent: None
Present: Mayor Dauber and Councilmembers Casey, Finn, Johnson and Siegel
Purissima Hills Water District Board Members: President
Fenwick and Members Alexander, Buss, Johnson and Solomon
Staff: Assistant Planner Shaunn O'Connor and City Clerk Pat Dowd; Purissima
Hills Water District General Manager Patrick Walter, Engineer Frank Burton,
Attorney Joan Cassman and Secretary Lucy Xavier
Press: Wendy Marinaccio, Los Altos Town Crier
2. STUDY SESSION ON WATER CONSERVATION AND LANDSCAPING
ISSUES
Fenwick thanked the City Council for joining them to discuss water conservation and landscaping concerns. She
presented an overview of the issues to be discussed which included: the need for a landscape ordinance, the current
water supply, the water demand history, potential water sources including best management practices, a proposed
landscaping ordinance including model ordinance regulations and new Town guidelines; and the benefits of
implementation.
Patrick Walter, General Manager, explained the following reasons why there was a need for a landscaping ordinance
min1tes/ritvm061 R99a html 6/28/2004
9/97ar
Page 2 of 3
Purissima Hills Water District was consistently exceeding their allocation by as much as 20%; the Hetch Hetchy
ter system's ability to meet demand was approaching its limit; water conservation was being mandated; options for
teasing water supply were limited; and new construction projects were including more landscaping some of which
s very water intensive. Mr. Walter further noted that in 1958 the Bay Area Water Users Assocation (BAWUA) was
med to negotiate with
San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC). BAWUA was comprised of 29 agencies in Alameda, San
ueo and Santa Clara Counties. It served 1.5 million residential customers and over 460 square miles. The current
3cation to the Purissima Hills Water District, a member of BAWUA, was established in the 1984 Master Contract
I was based on 1981 usage. Mr. Walter stated that it is not a question of if a drought will occur but when it will
)pen. The SFPUC can impose penalty rates to meet demand in drought years and expensive landscaping can be lost.
noted that the following management practices were in place: residential water survey programs; system water
iits, leak detection and repair; metering with commodity rates; public information programs; school education
)grams; and conservation prices. Another management practice which they hoped to get in place with the Council's
,istance was large landscape conservation programs and incentives.
in Cassman, attorney, stated that the Water District did not have land use regulatory power. They did have facility
ntrols such as use of restrictors or economic controls such as pricing. There also appeared to be two available
proaches. Presently they worked with individual owners on their landscaping needs and water usage. The other
proach would be for the Town to pass a landscaping ordinance. She referred to the 1990 Landscaping Act (AB 325)
rich required every city to adopt and enforce the water efficient landscape model ordinance (developed by the
apartment of Water Resources) by January 1993 unless the city had adopted an alternative water efficient landscape
finance or the city had adopted findings that a water efficient landscape ordinance was unnecessary (based on
ological climatic, topographical or water availability reasons).
s. Cassman further commented on the model ordinance. She noted that the express purposes of the ordinance were: to
Dmote the values and benefits of landscapes while recognizing the need to invest water and other resoures as
iciently as possible; to establish a structure of designing, installing and maintaining water efficient landscapes in new
ajects; and to establish provisions for water management practices and water waste prevention for established
idscapes. For existing landscapes the model ordinance required that the city shall establish regulations to prevent
iter waste; impose penalties for violations of regulations; and provide for a landscape irrigation audit for public areas
cry 5 years. For new or rehabilitated landscapes the model ordinance would apply to any private development single-
mily project with a landscaped area of 2,500+ square feet requiring a permit; would exempt'homeowner-provided
idscaping'; would require the submittal of a landscape documentation package; and would require the certification of
final landscape installation by a licensed professional. The requirements for the landscape documentation package
eluded the following: maximum applied water allowance; estimated applied water use; landscape design plan for
ant selection, grouping and water features; irrigation design plan to meet specified runoff, overspray and efficiency
rndards; maintenance and irrigation schedules to satisfy specified requirements; and grading design plan with soils
alysis. Ms. Cassman noted that the benefits of implementing such an ordinance included the following: protection of
ndscaping investments, creation of a politically beneficial Town perception; and access to new water sources.
)unci] discussed the proposed landscaping ordinance as presented by the Purissima Hills Water District. They
testioned why the Board did not impose such regulations as they too were an elected body. Dauber suggested that
ejects be sent to the Water District for comment and review such as they were now sent to the Fire Department.
asey and Finn believed that any requirements should be imposed on all residents and
rtjust those going through for example a remodel. Casey also stated that a Town -wide
ailing should be sent to all residents if a discussion was going to take place on a possible ordinance change regarding
ater conservation and landscaping issues. Siegel recommended that the Water District and not the Council develop a
._.u......... 6/28/2004
Page 3 of 3
f/29/97ar
landscaping ordinance for discussion purposes.
MOTION SECONDED AND CARRIED: Moved by Siegel, seconded by Casey and passed unanimously to
recommend that the Purissima Hills Water District draft a set of regulations regarding water conservation and
landscaping issues and bring this proposed ordinance back to the Council for review. This issue will be open to
discussion by all residents and notices of this meeting will be sent Town -wide.
Solomon, Vice President of the Purissima Hills Water District, reiterated the benefits of a water efficient landscaping
ordinance and thanked the City Council for meeting with them to discuss this important issue. He looked forward
toward working together.
3. PRESENTATIONS FROM THE FLOOR:
Sandra Humphries, 26238 Fremont Road, commented that it was important to educate the residents on water
conservation and landscaping issues. She further commented that currently there were very few, if any, wholesale
places for native plants. Landscape architects therefore were not inclined to recommend these plants and by doing so
lose their profit margin. She stressed the importance of keeping the rural environment and native habitats in Town. Ms.
Humphries noted that in the near future the Environmental Design and Protection Committee would be putting in a
demonstration garden of native plants at Town Hall.
4. ADJOURNMENT
There being no further new or old business to discuss, the City Council Meeting was adjourned at 3:35 p.m.
Respectfully submitted,
Patricia Dowd
City Clerk
The minutes of the June 18, 1999 Special City Council Meeting were approved at the July 1, 1999 Regular City
Council Meeting.
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ATTACHMENT q
Meeting Minutes
September 18, 2003
Town of Los Altos Hills
Joint City Council and Planning Commission Special Meeting
Thursday, September 18, 2003 5:00 p.m.
Council Chambers 26379 Fremont Road
I. CALL TUORDER ROLL CALL AND PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
Mayor Cheng called the Special Meeting of the City Council and Planning Commission
to order at 5:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers at Town Hall.
Present: Mayor Cheng, Mayor Pro Tem O'Malley, Councilmembers Fenwick, Kerr
and Warshawsky, Planning Commissioner Chair Clow, and Planning
Commissioners Cottrell, Kems, Mordo and Vitu
Absent: None
Staff: City Manager Maureen Cassingham, City Attorney Steve Mattas,
Planning Director Carl Cahill, City Engineer/Director of Public Works
Mintze Cheng and City Clerk Karen Jost
Press: Kaye Ross, San Jose Mercury News and Tim Seyfert, Los Altos Town
Crier
2. JOINT MEETING OF THE CITY COUNCIL AND PLANNING COMMISSION
DISCUSSION ITEMS:
The City Council and Planning Commission had a suggested list of items for discussion
that had been prepared by the Planning Director. A summary of the items and comments
include:
Development Area Policy — low priority at this time for study by the Planning
Commission. Council will consider a proposed zoning amendment at tonight's
City Council Meeting that would exempt synthetic turf material from
development area calculations when used in athletic fields at community
recreational facilities and schools but not private residences. It was noted that
historically, there has been a concern that exemption of certain surfaces from
development area calculations, would encourage additional development on the
lot.
• Conservation Easements — presently being investigated by the Open Space
Committee. It was decided to have this process completed by the Committee and
the report forwarded to the Planning Commission for their review.
• Pathway Policy — the Palhway Committee in cogjunction with the subgroup that
has been reseafchlilg Patti,; e?seti3@tits will work to finalize the Pathway Map
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Consensus that much of the documentation has been completed but public input is
an important consideration in finalizing the map.
S,e.I AP Idg Ai.Se
September IS, 2003
• Lot Unit Factor (LUF) — it was noted that the Lot Unit Factor has already been
increased for constrained lots. Consensus to return to this item for further
discussion after the Master Storm Drain Study is completed.
• Bullis School Site — it was agreed that the Town has a limited say in decisions
made by the Los Altos School District regarding the site. The Town is currently
investigating recreational opportunities for the Town on the upper fields.
• Fence Ordinance — following discussion of this item, it was determined that
review of this item by the Planning Commission should be given high priority.
Issues to,be considered at the timepf study include: consideration of the impact of
fences on conservation easements; the loss of wildlife habitat; and the effect of
solid fencing on view corridors.
• Investigation of Policy to Facilitate Water Conservation — consensus that water
conservation is an important issue at this time and a signature of responsible
government. The Planning Commission was directed to work with the Purissima
Hills Water District to identify possible solutions to increased water consumption
in the Town.
• Subdivision Ordinance — consensus that the Town's Subdivision Ordinance
should be reviewed for clarification of language and update revisions. Cahill
noted that the Town's subdivision process is consistent with the State's
Subdivision Map Act.
PASSED BY CONSENSUS: To prioritize the directives for the Planning Commission
study in the following order: (1) Investigation of policy to facilitate water conservation;
(2) Fence Ordinance; and (3) Subdivision Ordinance.
3. PRESENTATIONS FROM THE FLOOR
Jan Fenwick, Purissima Hills Water District Board Member, commented that the Water
District is presently studying different options and innovative solutions to reduce water
usage by residents for landscaping purposes.
4. ADJOURNMENT
There being no further business to discuss, the Joint City Council and Planning
Commission Special Meeting was adjourned at 5:55 pm.
Respectfully submitted,
Karen Jost City Clerk
The minutes of the Joint City Council and Planning Commission Special Meeting were
approved at the Regular City Council Meeting of October 2, 2003.
Special Meeting Minutes
September 18,2W3
ATTACHMENT
LOS ALTOS HILLS
CALIFORNIA
TOWN OF LOS ALTOS HILLS
LANDSCAPE RECOMMENDATIONS GUIDE
Prepared by
Environmental Design & Protection Committee
Approved by City Council May 6, 1999
TOWN OF LOS ALTOS HILLS
LANDSCAPE RECOMMENDATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION. LANDSCAPING GOAL
PG.
2
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
PG.
2 - 4
LIVING WITH CALIFORNIA OAKS
PG.
5 - 8
RIPARIAN HABITAT
PG.
8 - 9
PROBLEMS IN THE HILLS
PG.
9 -13
LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE
PG.
13 - 14
HERITAGE TREES
PG.
15
GARDENS DISPLAYING DROUGHT TOLERANT
PG.
15
AND NATIVE PLANTINGS
HELPFUL REFERENCE BOOKS
PG.
15-16
TABLE 1: NATIVE PLANTS
PG.
17-19
TABLE 2: INVASIVE PLANTS
PG.
20
TABLE 3: POISONOUS PLANTS
PG.
21
1
INTRODUCTION: LANDSCAPING GOAL
There are many factors that go into designing a landscape for a
residence in a community like ours. The town of Los Altos Hills
remains one of the open country areas left in the congested
expanding cities of the Bay Area. A great number of our homes
border on the natural, undeveloped areas which provide a visual
backdrop for much of the San Francisco Peninsula. Our goal in
landscaping is to minimize the visual impact of the housing
structures with plantings which blend with the natural beauty of our
native surroundings.
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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
At the time of new construction, owners are required to present a
plan for managing erosion on slopes, and for mitigating the impact or
view of new structures from off site. The purpose is to keep the
town looking less urban, to preserve the soil, and to retain the
original contours as much as possible. Future plantings and changes
should continue with the same goals. The General Plan calls for
landscaping to create maximum compatibility of development with
the natural environment. As a general guideline, the town
recommends informal plantings. To achieve this, plant in random or
staggered groups of a variety of species rather than formal rows or
hedges. This method will avoid future difficulties in replacement if
and when plants are killed by gophers or other problems.
Frequently plantings are used to conceal the view of a structure,
provide privacy, manage erosion, or mitigate wind or noise. Trees
are often the first thought but remember trees grow tall and wide.
The bottom branches die out and what was meant to be hidden will
become visible again. Additionally, your tree may now block your
neighbor's views or sunlight or interfere with utility lines, while it no
longer serves your original purpose. Shrubs may be a better answer.
Most evergreen (non -deciduous) shrubs will top out below 20 feet
and continue for years to give privacy clear to the soil level.
Other design considerations are the water needs of the plants
you select. Grouping plants according to their water needs will
improve their success. Water saving will be a big item of
consideration as the state's population increases in the future. Water
-supplies are Finite and we will all be required to minimize our use of
- landscape water in the near future. Lawns are the biggest user of
water, so try to have only the amount of lawn you really need for
your family use and use drought tolerant plants elsewhere. Some of
the easiest drought tolerant plants are the ones that evolved here
naturally. These are our own native plants. (See Table 1: Native
Plants)
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Also when designing your landscape, consider the site. Is it an
exposed hill or a shady valley? Use plants which are adapted to
these conditions.
in Los Altos Hills, the best time to plant is in the fall at the
time the tains are beginning. The soil is still warm, thereby allowing
the roots to establish. The air is cooler so there won't be much top
growth and the rains will do most of the watering for you. However,
if the rains are inconsistent, supplemental water will be needed. Fall
planting will give your plants a head start on early spring growth. If
you miss the fall planting season, winter and spring are second best
and summer is the least favorable. The Sunset Western Garden Book
is a good source of information for appropriate plantings for our
climate. According to Sunset our zone is 16. All plantings should be
chosen for their adaptability to this zone.
LIVING WITH CALIFORNIA OAKS u_
In Los Altos Hills, we are fortunate to have many native oaks. Oaks
give us shade and shelter, increase our property values, create
carefree beautiful landscapes, and provide food for native wildlife.
Oaks are very low water and low maintenance trees. Unfortunately,
inappropriate landscaping, such as lawns or high water plantings,
and construction practices can seriously damage these trees. Often
the damage is not evident till years later. As homeowners among
these beautiful trees we are in the best position to protect and
enhance our native oak resources. Careful planning and design can
provide benefits for both people and oaks.
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The roots of mature oaks grow predominately within the upper
3 feet of soil. Most of the roots responsible for uptake of water and
minerals are concentrated within 18 inches of the surface. Although
the roots typically radiate well beyond the periphery of foliage (drip
line), much of the active root system is within the drip line. Roots
are sensitive to environmental change such as compacting, paving,
grading, and increased moisture. in summer, oaks are dormant and
do not need water. During the warmer days of summer, water
actually promotes the growth of soil fungi which will kill the tree
very slowly ( over 5 or more years ). Also the tree needs oxygen in
the soil and too much water will displace the soil's oxygen.
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ACTIVITIES WHICH CAN DAMAGE TREE ROOTS
SOIL COMPACTING - Frequent traffic (human,
Parking of vehicles) within the drip linlivestock driving or
e squeezes soil particles
together, eliminating natural air space thereby reducing
infiltration and storage of water and air.
PAVEMENT - Impermeable soil coverings restrict the amount of
ail, Fater, and minerals available to the roots thus
growth and function. impairing root
GRADE CHANGES - This involves either the addition or removal of
soil within the drip line. Excavation (cut) can sever an
roots. Addition (fill) can suffocate them. d expose
TRENCHING - Trenches that cut across the drip line cut essential
roots. This impairs the tree's ability to obtain water and essential
elements which may cause death, die -back, or gradual decline
DRAINAGE CHANGES - Any change that causes water to collect
around a tree, especially the trunk, is harmful Likewise, a grade
change that diverts a source of water that the tree depends on
may cause drought stress.
SOIL CONTAMINATION - Avoid storing and discarding harmful
chemicals or materials such as; herbicides, petroleum products,
building materials, or waste water near oaks.
LANDSCAPING - There are just a few California native plants that
can be used in landscaping oak gardens. See table 1: Native Plants
*'d items. It is best to keep the area within the drip line
relatively open. Use plants as accents rather than ground covers.
Select plants that tolerate drought and plant no closer than 10 feet
to the trunk. Avoid all planting under declining oaks.
OVER -WATERING - As a general rule, native oaks should not be
irrigated. Frequent irrigathe oxygen in the
tion displaces much of
soil. This can lead to reduced growth and vitality and increased
susceptibility to insects and diseases. One exception, however, is
during drought years. If the winter is unusually dry,
supplemental deep watering in the spring or summer can
compliment natural rainfall. Water the soil from halfway between
the trunk and the drip line to 10-15 feet beyond. Allow the water
to penetrate 18-24 inches. This
only be done one time per may take 4-6 hours and should
month.
MULCHING, AND FERTILIZING - Keep soil surface mulched with 2-
4inches of natural leaf litter, wood chips, or gravel. Do not place
directly against trunk Under
need added fertilizer. Howevsuch conditions, healthy oaks do not
er, if leaf litter is regularly removed,
you may need to fertilize. The ideal time is in the spring, -
Broadcast over the tree's root zone, lightly water into the soil,
avoiding the area within 10 feet of the trunk. Use fertilizers high
in Nitrogen (N) such as calcium nitrate, ammonia sulfate, ammonia
nitrate or urea. Complete fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphorous,
and potassium are more expensive and generally unwarranted.
=> PRUNING - Large old oaks are likely to need thinning and cabling.
Avoid excessive pruning, removing no more than 10-20% of the
foliage in any one year. WARNING! incorrect pruning can lead to
serious problems. Consult a professional arborist certified by the
Western Chapter of the International Society of Aboriculture.
DETECTING HEALTH PROBLEMS:
SIGNS OF ADVANCED DECLINE OR DECAY
Thin, sparse foliage
=> Poor growth
Yellow, undersized leaves
Dead branches and limbs in upper canopy
=> Wilted, brown leaves during spring and summer
Many short shoots growing on trunk and branches
Mushrooms at tree base or on the roots in fall or early winter
=> Conks - shell-like mushrooms on trunk
=> Cavities in trunk
White, fan -shaped mats of fungus under the bark at soil line
Soft, punchy wood
Wet, oozing areas on the bark
if any of these problems occur, residents should contact a certified
arborist.
FRTJ.Ttlj
The stream corridor, including the vegetation along the bank, is
known as riparian habitat. This high moisture environment supports
a great diversity of plants and wildlife. The corridor is an invaluable
natural resource that serves as a conduit for floodwater, replenishes
surface and ground water, and contributes a host of aesthetic and
recreational benefits. By protecting and preserving this delicate area
you can prevent or minimize erosion, preserve water quality,
contribute to the survival of fish and wildlife, and help avoid flood
damage. Your primary goals along stream areas are to minimize
erosion or contamination from adjacent properties and preserve the
natural state of the area by restoring any damaged areas with native
plants. The following guidelines will help protect and enhance your
living stream.
Always use native plants ( No invasive or non- native plants)
(See Table 1: Native plants) and (Table 2: Invasive plants)
Keep pets and livestock away from the riparian area.
Never use fertilizers or pesticides near the riparian zone.
Protect existing vegetation and natural grades during
construction.
=> Control erosion by protecting areas where flowing water
meets bare soil. This may be accomplished by reducing the
speed or redirecting the water to vegetated areas or by
replanting with native ground cover.
Do not rake up leaf litter or prune native plants.
=> Do not dump yard wastes into stream area.
ZONE I AtZONE I �PI.AND ZONE .I _ BA K YARD AREA
PROBLEMS IN THE HILLS
Our community, because of its setting on the edge of natural areas
has some special challenges. Fire protection, erosion and flood
control can be aided by the use of appropriate plantings. Our
abundant wildlife must be protected from poisonous plants and
chemicals, but must also be considered in plant selection that attract
rodents, deer or raccoons.
EROSION AND FLOOD CONTROL
Soil stability can be promoted by avoiding and controlling
water runoff. Limit the amount of hardscape (asphalt, concrete, and
Other impermeable pavement) to avoid rapid run off of large
amounts of water. Landscape irrigation of a slope is equivalent to
25-60 inches of rainfall per year. Over -watering, the cause of many
slope failures, can equal 100 inches of rainfall per year when the
winter rains are added. Use of drip or no irrigation would be
recommended on any slope.
When planting, avoid cutting into the bottom of the slope
because what is above will likely be washed down. Disturb the soil
as little as possible and use appropriate drought resistant plants with
deep roots. Some native plants which will help are dwarf coyote
bush, baccharis pilularis, some of the Ceanothus types, native bunch
gasses, native roses, and toyon. Natural and constructed water
courses such as creeks and drainage ditches must be kept free of
debris. Any areas of land that are disturbed during construction
should be quickly re -vegetated; preferably with native plants with
deep roots.
FIRE PROTECTION
To prevent the likelihood or severity of wildfires, create a 30
foot fuel break area around your home using vegetation that has low
flammability and is low growing. Remove dead plants and clean out
dead material from your living plants in such a way so that it does
not accelerate erosion and flood potential. Trees should be kept a
distance from any structure at least as wide as the mature crown.
Additionally large shrubbery under trees can create a fire ladder
allowing the flames to ignite the tree foliage. Pines, junipers, cypress,
and eucalyptus trees bum especially fast and should not be planted
near the house.
WATER CONSERVATION
Our climate is considered a Mediterranean climate with cool
wet winters and a long dry period from May to October.
Supplemental watering should begin when the rains cease (this
varies from February to June but averages about May 1).
The plants that are the best adapted to do well on your site are
the ones that are native to the area closest to you. They are drought
10
tolerant and they provide much needed wildlife value for our birds,
butterflies and other creatures. (See Table 1: Native plant list)
Amk,*fhu l S 'DR. NURDI
A FMOQ,i Or HO4MW9 BIRDS
Minimize lawn area. Grass not only demands frequent
watering but is easily destroyed by tunneling animals such as
gophers and moles. Instead consider drought tolerant ground covers
such as various species of ceanothus, a rock garden, or a meadow of
wildflowers. If lawn is functionally required, use a drought tolerant
species. The optimum landscape design for water conservation
would include no more than 1/3 high water use plantings, 1/3
moderate and 1/3 low water use plantings.
INVASIVE PLANTS
Certain plants will invade into the surrounding countryside.
Some invasive plants have gotten loose into roadsides and native
habitats. These plants which have been introduced into California
from other parts of the world have no natural enemies and spread
rampantly into our open space. There they crowd out native plants
and become a monoculture. This has a serious impact on our wild
life which depends on the natural variety for food and shelter. (See
Table 2: Invasive plants)
11
POISONOUS PLANTS
Some plants are poisonous to people and livestock. No plant which is
poisonous should be allowed in any enclosure for an animal. Some of
our common garden plants are poisonous if eaten by children. Most
notable is Oleander which is widely planted as a drought tolerant
ornamental shrub. Others include the Rhododendron family. (See
Table 3 : Poisonous plants)
UEAl DE2
LEAVESL5EAN NCs
6P�A DF 6
YELLOV/
FLOWEP,
rp
Ir STKYCHNINE
IF CRiEU ^-
COPING WITH WILDLIFE
AMSINEKIA
r
� fIDDLE NECI' �
�a{che5 m
animals 1{�veai's
We live in an urban/ rural interface and as much as our
plantings might attract the birds and butterflies, they also attract
rodents, deer, and raccoons. To protect against gophers, place a I
inch or less wire mesh basket in the planting hole. It is almost
impossible to protect lawns against moles and gophers, so take this
into consideration in your overall landscape plan. Dense ground
covers such as ivy, vinca, and thickets of blackberries can harbor
rats. Deer protection is difficult. Much of what the deer will eat is
12
variable and depends upon his degree of hunger. There are some
plants that deer consistently do not eat. These are mostly the spiny
ones and those with a strong odors or fragrance but, they adore
plants in the rose family which includes many stone fruits. If you
need to protect specific plantings i.e. vegetable gardens, the best
protection is fencing. Fences to keep deer away need to be 6 feet
high or more. A double row of fences 4 feet high and 4 feet apart
will also do the trick. However, then you have a weed problem in
the inter -space. At Hidden Villa, a sheep -run between the fences
keeps the weeds down. Fences require a building permit.
Remember, however, that wildlife needs to migrate for food and
water so please leave open corridors through your property.
LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE
NEW PLANTINGS
Watering way be needed for at least the fust two summers, or until
the plants can make it on their own. Water weekly gradually
tapering off to every two weeks and then to once per month until
established. Water only sparingly after that, remembering about the
growth of soil fungi during the summer.
13
PRUNING and TRIMMING
It is important to keep large trees correctly pruned to allow for
safety and balance and prevent storm damage. Consult a certified
arborist. Maintain your shrubbery along pathways, roadways and
driveway intersections to allow proper visibility and accessibility.
Also remember your and your neighbors scenic views can disappear
when trees and shrubs are not kept properly trimmed.
IlWGATION
When using automatic or manual irrigation do not over -water
creating runoff or flooding to adjacent properties. Use drip system
irrigation or a soaker hose whenever possible to avoid erosion and
conserve our valuable water resources. Also remember to change
automatic timers as seasonal weather changes. Because of
fluctuating high water pressure in some areas, a pressure regulator
valve should be installed on your landscape watering system to
prevent ruptured pipes.
The fire district will ask you to control weed growth. Here are some
recommendations to handle this often overwhelming problem. The
following list is in order of preference and environmental sensitivity.
1. Mowing, string or blade trimming, and grazing
2. Layers of chip mulch -
3. Glyphosate sprays such as "Roundup" in open areas or "Rodeo"
near water courses. Read the label carefully first and follow
directions explicitly.
4. Plowing and discing will cause soil erosion from wind and water.
It has also been responsible for fres (from sparks off engine or
hitting rocks). Timing of turning the soil is important. If seed has
already formed and dropped, rototilling will only replant seed for
next year's weeds.
COMPOSTING
Composting your yard waste at home can produce valuable nutrients
for your garden while decreasing the impact on landfills. Classes are
available monthly in Los Altos for Los Altos Hills residents.
14
HERITAGE TREES
Los Altos Hills has a Heritage Tree Program, and the so designated
coastal live oak at Town Hall is a fine example of such a tree. We are
looking for other outstanding California Native trees that could be
honored as a heritage tree and included in a photo book of prize
trees in our town. Property owners with such a tree are encouraged
to contact the town hall office and let us know. The Environmental
Design and Protection Committee with the help of an arborist will
examine and consult on the tree. If the tree is suitable and healthy,
an award will be given and the tree will be identified as a Heritag
Tree of Los Altos Hills. e
GARDENS DISPLAYING DROUGHT TOLERANT
AND NATIVE PLANTINGS
Sunset Magazine Gardens in Menlo Park
Yerba Buena Nursery - Demonstration Garden
Woodside Library
Guadalupe Gardens in San Jose
Alameda County Water District
University of California at Berkeley Botanic Garden
Tilden Botanic Garden in Berkeley
U.C. Santa Cruz Arboretum
DeAnza College Environmental Studies Area
San Mateo Garden Center
Gamble Gardens in Palo Alto
HELPFUL REFERENCE BOOKS
California Native Trees & Shrubs for Garden & Environmental Use in
Southern California and Adjacent Areas - Lee W. Lenz & John
Dourley, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA, 1981.
Growing California Native Plants - Marjorie G. Schmidt, 1980.
Hillsborough Water Use Classification of Landscape Species, Version
1, January 1993. On file in Los Altos Hills Town Hall.
15
Homeowner's Guide to Fire and Watershed Management at the
Chaparral/ Urban Interface, Klaus W.H. Radtke, National Foundation
for Environmental Safety Inc., 2210 Wilshire Blvd., Suite #184 Santa
Monica, CA 90403., 1982.
Landscape, Plants for Western Regions. Bob Perry, Land Design
Publishing, Claremont, Ca 91711, 1996.
Living Among the Oaks, A Management Guide for Landowners -
University of California Cooperative Extension Natural Resources
Program, Berkeley, CA., (415/642-2360).
Living More Safely in the ChaparraWrban Interface. Klaus W.H.
Radtke. U.S.D.A. General Technical Report PSW-67, 1983.
Selected California Native Plants in Color - Saratoga Horticulture
Foundation, Barrie D. Coate, Editor, 1980.
Streamside Planting Guide - for San Mateo and Santa Clara County
Streams - Coyote Creek Riparian Station, P.O. Box 1027, Alviso, CA
95002., (408) 262-9204.
Sunset Western Garden Book - Lane Publishing Co. (many editions
available).
Success List of Water Conserving Plants - Saratoga Horticulture
Foundation, 1983.
Successful Perennials for the Peninsula - A Selection by Members of
Western Horticulture Society, 1989.
Water -Conserving Plants and Landscapes for the Bay Area - East Bay
Municipal Utility District, 1990.
16
Table 1:
Native Plants
These native plants grow wild in or near Los Altos Hills and will
grow easily in your garden.
Botanical name Common Name Foliage
Trees
Acer macrophyllum
Big -leaf Maple
deciduous
Aesculus californica
California Buckeye
early deciduous
Arbutus menziesii
Madrone
evergreen
Lithocarpus desiflora
Tanbark Oak
evergreen
Platanus racemosa
Western Sycamore
deciduous
Populus fremontii
Fremont Cottonwood
deciduous
Pseudotsuga menziesii
Douglas Fir
evergreen
Quercus agrifolia
Coast Live Oak
evergreen
Quercus chrysolepis
Canyon Oak
evergreen
Quercus douglasii
Blue Oak
deciduous
Quercus kelloggii
California Black Oak
deciduous
Quercus lobata
Valley Oak
deciduous
Sambucus caerulea
Mexican Elderberry
deciduous
Sequoia sempervirens
Coast Redwood
evergreen
Torreya californica
California Nutmeg
evergreen
Umbellularia californica
California Bay
evergreen
Shrubs
Amelanchier pallida
Serviceberry
deciduous
Arctostaphylos andersonii*
Heart -leaved
evergreen
Manzanita
Arctostaphylos glauca*
Big-berrried
evergreen
Manzanita
Arctostaphylos manzanita*
Dr. Hurd
evergreen
Baccharis pilularis*
Dwarf Coyote Bush
evergreen
Ceanothus cuneatus *
Common Buck Brush
evergreen
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus *
Blue Brush
evergreen
Ceanothus ( many species)
Cercis occidentalis *
Western Redbud
deciduous
Cercocarpus betuloides *
Mountain Mahogany
evergreen
Cornus californica
Creek Dogwood
deciduous
17
Table #1 : Native Plants, Cont.
Botanical Name
Cornus glabrate
Corylus cornuta californica
Dendromecon rigida*
Diplacus aurantiacus
Mimulus *
Fremontodendron*
Garrya elliptica *
Heteromeles arbutifolia
Holodiscus discolor
Lepechinia calycina
Lonicera involucrata
Mahonia pinnatta *
Malacothamnus arcuatus
Myrica californica
Oemlaria cerasiformis
Physocarpus capitus
Prunus ilicifolia *
Rhamnus californica
Ribes aureum *
Ribes sanguineum
Ribes Speciosum
Rosa californica *
Salvia leucophylla
Salvia sonomensis*
Symphoricarpos albus
Symphoricarpos mollis
Trichostemma lanatum
Common Name Foliage
Brown Dogwood
deciduous
California Hazelnut
deciduous
Bush Poppy
evergreen
Sticky Monkey Flower
shrubby
California poppy
perennial
Flannel bush
evergreen
Coast Silktassel
evergreen
Toyon
evergreen
Cream Bush
deciduous
Pitcher Sage
evergreen
aromatic
Hairy Honesuckle
evergreen
Shinyleaf Barberry
evergreen
Northern
evergreen
malacothamnus
Wax Myrtle
evergreen
Oso Berry
deciduous
Pacific Ninebark
deciduous
Hollyleaf Cherry
evergreen
Coffeeberry
evergreen
Golden Currant
deciduous
Red Flowering Currant
deciduous
Fuchia Flowering Goosberry
deciduous
California Rose
deciduous
Purple Sage
deer proof
Sage
perennial
Common Snowberry
deciduous
Creeping Snowberry
deciduous
Wooley Blue Curls
evergreen
Low Growing Native Plants
Ameria maritima
Clarkia ameona(Godetia)
Eriogonum fasciculatum*
Eriogonum grande*
Eschscholzia californica
Heuchera sanguinea
I. douglasiana, innominata
Sea Pink
evergreen
Farwell -to -spring
annual
California buckwheat
evergreen
Red buckwheat
evergreen
California poppy
annual
Coral bells
evergreen
Pacific Coast Iris
evergreen
lu
Table #1 : Native Plants, Cont.
Botanical Name
Zauchneria
(epilobium canum)
Native Grasses
Common Name Foliage
California Fuschia deciduous
Elymus
glaucus
blue lyme grass
perennial/sun
Festuca
californica
California Fescue
grassses/shade
Melica
torreyana
grasses/shade
Nessella
cernua
nodding needle grass
bunching/sun
Nessella
pulchra
purple needle grass
bunching/sun
* Native plants for under oak trees
19
Table #2:
Invasive Plants
These are plants which seed themselves into wild areas and which
will eventually crowd out native plants and reduce natural foods for
our birds, insects, and other animals. Please avoid planting these and
try to remove existing plants where possible.
Botanical Name
Ailanthus
_Arundo donax
Cortaderia jubata
Cotoneaster spp.
Cytisus spp.
Eucalyptus globulus
Hedera canariensis
Pennisetum
Pyracantha spp.
Rubus procerus
Tamarix
Vinca major
Tree of Heaven
Giant Reed
Pampus Grass
Cotoneaster
French, Scotch, or Spanish Broom
Blue Gum Eucalyptus
Algerian Ivy
Fountain Grass
Pyracantha
Himalayan Blackberry
Tamarisk
Periwinkle
*Also included are any non-native plants which have berries or
which spread by rhizomes.
It is especially important to keep the above plants from entering
waterways.
Table #3:
Poisonous Plants
These plants must be kept out of animal enclosures and along
pathways.
Arrowgrass
Black Henbane
Black Locust
Bladder Pod
Bluebonnet*
Blue-green Algae
Boxwood
Bracken Fern
Broomcom
Burr Clover*
Buckeye*
Castor Bean*
Cheeseweed
Cherry Laurel*
Choke Cherry*
Climbing
Bittersweet
Cockleburr*
Coffeebean*
Com Cockle
Cotalaris*
Coyote Tobacco*
Creeping Ivy*
Curly Dock*
Death Cammas
Desert Tobacco
Ergot
Fanwood
Fiddleneck
Fitweed
Flax*
Goatweed
Golden Corydalis*
Grimsel
Ground Ivy*
Groundsel
Horse Nettle
Horsetail*
Indian Hemp
Ivy Bush*
Jasmine*
Jeruselum Cherry*
Jimson Weed
Johnson Grass*
Johnswort
Klamath Weed
Knapweed
Knotweed
Lambkill
Lantana*
Larkspur*
Laurel*
Laurel Cherry
Lily of the Valley*
Locoweed
Mallow*
Milkweed
Nightshade*
Oaks*
Oleanders*
Old Man in Spring
Pennygrass
Pigweed*
Plum Tree*
Poison Hemlock*
Published by Spur Magazine, June 1990.
Privet Hedge*
Purple Sesband
Rabbit Bush or
Brush
Ragweed*
Rattlebox
Rayless Goldenrod*
Raywort*
Rough Pea
Russian Knapweed
St.Johnswort*
Seasbane
Senecio
Sneezeweed
Sorghum
Sour Dock*
Staggergrass
Star of Bethlehem*
Star Thistle
Stink Grass
Tansy
Teaweed
Tipton Weed
Tree Tobacco*
Vetch
Water Hemlock*
Wold Cherries
Yew*
(*- Plants often
used for
landscaping
around homes
along driveways
and fence lines)
21
lirmgm Wisely
oaae 11
When to water
.How much to water
Waterino on
Watering lawns
Planning is the first step for a successful
water -wise garden. A well-planned landscape
will save you money, time and water.
Get to know your site
Paying attention to your garden's unique characteristics will help
you put the right plants in the right place. Look around carefully
and note the following (use the notes section on page 20):
• Where are the sunniest areas? How long does the sunshine there
each day?
• Where are the shadiest areas?
• Do you have any slopes? How steep?
• Are there any spots where drainage is a problem?
• Is wind a particular problem?
• Are there any views you'd like to enhance or screen?
How will you use your garden?
Will it be a place of quiet contemplation or
a play space for kids? Will it be used for:
• Entertaining
• Play or sports
• Vegetable gardening
• Erosion or climate control
• Wildlife habitat
In addition, where are the most appropriate
places for paths or walkways to the house?
A landscape map can be the
backbone of a successful design.
Water -use zones
High water -use plants generally do better
in shady areas. Before you purchase plants,
look at the following chart, noting the dif-
ferent types of zones you have. Next, draw
a rough map of your garden based on the
zone information.
Mapping out your
water -use zones makes
landscape planning easier.
Planning for lawn areas
Lawns are great for play and entertaining. But they also use
lots of water and require continual upkeep. When planning
your garden, think about how much lawn you actually need,
and place it where it will be enjoyed. Consider lawn alterna-
tives, such as hardy ground covers, decks, patios, containers,
ornamental grasses or cut -flower gardens.
N,6
water -use zone
water -use zone
water -use zone
water use zone
Lawns,
Plants needing a little
Established trees
Hardscapes (patios,
water -loving plants
more water
and plants
decks, walkways) and
established plants
Container plants
May take advantage
Requires little, if
that can survive on
of runoff from
any, additional
rainfall only
downspouts and
water during
patios
summer months
Planning for lawn areas
Lawns are great for play and entertaining. But they also use
lots of water and require continual upkeep. When planning
your garden, think about how much lawn you actually need,
and place it where it will be enjoyed. Consider lawn alterna-
tives, such as hardy ground covers, decks, patios, containers,
ornamental grasses or cut -flower gardens.
Choose a good controller
Look for these features:
• Allows you to set varying watering times for
each station. A drip station may need to run
one hour a week, whereas a lawn may need to
be watered twice a week for 15 minutes each.
• Features multiple watering times: good for
slopes or heavy clay soils.
• Has a battery back-up or "non-volatile" memory.
After a power outage, some controllers water
every day for 10 minutes as a default.
• Has a water -budgeting feature which quickly
lets you adjust your watering times depending
on the season.
• Rain shut-off device capability (device is
purchased separately).
Including hardscape in your
garden design can save water
and money and add
versatility to your landscape.
//77-
r9 JJ
J J J
Used properly, a controller
with the right features
can be one of the most
effective water and
money -saving tools you
can buy.
zone information courtery of Sunset magazine
ZONE ZONE ZONE ZONE ZONE
17 16 15 14 7
0
Do the Groundwyk
Impulse shopping atthe nursery can be fun: Bu#devoting
some serious thought and planning to your garden before
you buy=from the soil to the watering system—will save you
money and headaches in the long run::
9
The right plant in the right place '
rp,
Before you purchase plants; read up on,their water, sun, soil
t^:,
'.... and maintenanceneeds. }king your zone diagram and rough
map from Step 1, choose plants that correspond to appropriate
zones in yoyr arden.,Group plants togetherth�atsharesimilpr
y
water, sun and soil needs. And remember—'they grow11 . The one-
gallon plant you biry today could. grow into a 20 foot tree, so
+
be sure`to select plants that will grow to an appropriate sizefor '
thei11 r location. Following recommended guidelmes for spacing
.
can also help prevent' overcrowding ofplants''
+
y
il
Ir
pll
1'
Check projected
growth and: height
+
of any tree or shrub
you plant, and
choose its location
accordingly.
otherwise, you could ,.
<' end up with space- r
hungry pruning ;
challenge, like this,..
blue spruce.
Improve the soil
It's a good idea to check your garden's soil and, if necessary, add
organic materials to improve it. Some gardeners also test the
pH of their soil for acidity/alkalinity, which can be altered by
working in organic materials.
Choosing plants
Water -wise gardens focus on plant varieties that thrive with little water.
However, no plant is "wrong" in a water -wise garden—itjust needsto be in
the right zone to use water most efficiently. You can select desert plants,
Mediterranean varieties, herbs and perennials from around the world, or
native plants. Lush plants, such as fems and mosses, can play a part, pro-
vided they're in the right water -use zone (see Step 3, "Water Wisely"). In-
clude a lawn if you like—but consider limiting it to play/entertainment areas,
and use low -water -use grass varieties.
Keep in mind
your water -use
zones and plants,
individual wateir,
sun and soil needs
when selecting
Many perennials, like this salvia,
are low -water -use plants.
Succulents use little or
no water.
Nurseries in Santa Clara County feature an ever-grow-
ing number and selection of water -wise plants.
Several (see the list inserted into the back pocket of
this guide) specialize in particular plants or offer
personalized services. It's fun and instructive to look
through plant guides that focus on native, perennial
and other water -wise plants. Remember to keep in
mind your water -use zones and plants' individual
water, sun and soil needs as you select plants. Using
your map, write in names of plants for particular loca-
tions. You can also use the list on page 10.
Columbines are colorful,
moderate -water -use
perennials.
Plantnatne
water needs
_y
High Medium Low
000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
000
00�
0�0
sun needs
Full Partial Shade
sun sun
0 0 E1
0
0 � 0
0 0
0
0 0
El
0
0 0
0 0 0
0
0 0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0
000
000
10
Notes
Other needs, size,
maintenance; bloom season
�I
r wisely
Wate
It pays to know when, how much and how often to water your
plants. A`fleAble watering schedule -preferably using a drip'
irrigation system' can save water and money by adjusting to
changing weather conditions. Your watering schedule can also
help prevent runoff, encourage deep root growth and better
meet plants' changing water needs.
Water at the right time
I
if vnu have a drip system, you scan run it anytime
ref:: t U _ v_r "Fi ' �i�,�: r st,+7f �i�r?`
F is ,err .��r� i.� I � ,a1 i ,.i -_ � x r�-� zpr r
tJ' � )"� :^ih '� e �Pnr-. `Pn1l. < I stir`
In our 06 winter'
semi -arid climate,
tall Is one of the
best times to plant
your landscape
Photo courtesy of Kay Stewart
13
Watering on a slope
• If possible, terrace The slope and
create basins around your plants.
• Use shorter watering times to avoid.
runoff; add another watering cycle
if necessary.
• Consider planting a groundcover on
the slope instead of a lawn. -
• Use drip or rotor spray sprinklers on
slopes.
Watering your lawn
1'
Did you know that nearly
half the summertime water
used by local homes goes
toward lawn watering?
Lawns need to be watered
only once every three days
to remain beahby and
green, yet many are
overwatered and unhealthy.
Here's a tried-and-true
method for determining
how long to operate your
sprinklers if you water
every third dad
her months. If you
fall/spring column
fnn on the chart
i. watering time.
15
I
'I
IRRIGATION RUN TIMES:
erage
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STATION STATON STATION STATION
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3
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8
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8
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IRRIGATION FREQUENCY:
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1 17
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if the lawn has a thick layer of thatch or if it is
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on a slope.Ideally, you should aerate or dethatch,
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water can nercolate thnbuAj6j:3oil. If that
her months. If you
fall/spring column
fnn on the chart
i. watering time.
15
A small amount of regular maintenance throughout the year
is all your garden needs to look great. Follow the tips below
for an effective maintenance plan.
Checking your irrigation system
Clogged, leaking or misaligned drip emitters and sprinkler heads waste
a lot of water—and money. Be water -wise and keep an eye on your
system with these tips:
• Periodically check your sprinkler heads and drip
emitters for clogging, leaks and malfunctioning
(e.g., broken or misdirected) heads, then getthem
fixed. Clean the emitter filters twice a year. no
• Look for wilting trees, shrubs and
gmundcovers and for dry spots in the lawn.
They could point to inadequate water cov-
�� Braga or indicate that more water is
1 •�• needed if adequate coverage already
exists.
upon.. a ambunt of foot traffic on your lawn .>
` . x. p,
• Dethatch ng, or removing undecomposed grassstems, eave
ls and r ots a im or-'
tant,because; this layer prevents air and water from entering the soil leading to
plant disease and waterwaste due to runoff. Dethatch'a small lawn with an iron,
garden rake, or, for larger lawns, rent, purchase or pay a service to use a vertical
mower, which cuts through the thatch with a series of revolving blades: Remove
thatch during the growing season so the grass has an opportunity to recover.
• Raise the mowing height of your lawn mower to encourage a more extensive root
- system. For bluegrass and tall fescue lawns set your lawn mowerto cut twoto three
inches high. For additional information contact a lawn care professional or check
–with your local nursery.
16
Fertilizing
Fertilizers, especially organically -based ones, can work wonders for
your garden. But too much fertilizer can damage plants and can
impact stream and Bay water quality through storm drain runoff. So
fertilize as needed, when new growth is less than normal or if color
appears pale—but be sure to follow directions.
• One of the best, easiest and cheap-
est forms of fertilizer is compost. "G
You can start a backyard compost
pile easily with kitchen scraps (no
meat), garden and lawn clippings,
strips of newspaper and a little soil.
Check your library, garden center or
the Internet for a how-to guide.
Some cities also offer composting
classes.
• Consider using organic fertilizers,
such as aged and dried manure, cot-
tonseed meal and dried blood meal.
• Try using a low -nitrogen fertilizer
(nitrogen stimulates growth, creat-
ing a demand for more water).
If you do use chemical fertilizers, try a
slow-release variety.
Pest COnfi]'Ol
Insects, snails and other critters—some beneficial, some harmful—
are an integral part of any garden. Sometimes the most effective
methods of controlling them are also the simplest. As with other
maintenance, pest control should be part of your gardening routine.
• Begin by using simple physical control measures, such as hand-
picking and setting traps and barriers.
• Try biological control measures by introducing predatory insects,
such as aphid -eating green lacewings or ladybugs, or by using
bacterial insecticides, such as Bacillus thuringiensis. Your garden
center may have others to recommend.
• As a last resort, control with chemicals. Choose the least toxic prod-
ucts available (e.g., insecticidal soaps, horticultural oils, silica gel,
diatomaceous earth and pyrethrin-based insecticides), but follow
directions and use sparingly.
17
Mulching
Mulch is one of the quickest, easiest and most cost-
effective ways to save water in your garden. It provides
an attractive surface as well as many other landscape
benefits. Mulch can:
Conserve water by reducing evaporation
Suppress weed growth
Reduce erosion by allowing water to penetrate the soil
Encoi
temp
Impri
Appl
Mulch sl
inches c
abouts
of plan
Avoid i
diseases
MI
Mulchtype,°
Pacts
Polypropylene
plastic
Polypropylene plastic (landscape fabric) allows air and water to pass through, but
suppresses weed growth. Use it on steep slopes to limit runoff and erosion. For a '.
m6re'attractive appearance; cover the plastic with organic mulch. It helps t
conserve water, however, it does not build up the soil.,,
Rocks are available in varying sizes,"shapesand colors and make a permeable
and permenent mulch. They help conserve water; however, they do not build
up the soil
19
NOTES
`n
ere in the Santa Clara
Valley, average rain-
fall is only about 14
inches per year. This
low rainfall helps create a semi-
arid desert climate, with sunny,
dry weather most of the year.
Periodic droughts are a normal
occurrence. At the Santa Clara
Valley Water District, we believe
gardens can be beautiful and
water-wise, in keeping with our
natural conditions. Water-wise
gardening also helps conserve
our precious water supplies.
Look over the garden guide
before you begin your next
gardening project. You'll find
lots of helpful tips and re-
sources, including the lawn -
watering schedule sheet in the
back pocket.
0
1 -888 -Hey -Noah
1-888(439-6624)
www.heynoah.com
Santa Q�ara Valley
r�
Water District 6
ATTACHMENT
1 e t
41
d
A *message from the
Administrator
Christine Todd Whitman
1 believe water is the biggest environmental
issue we face in the Zlst Century in terms of
body quality and quantity. In the 30 years since
s( its passage, the Clean Water Act has
.,,.�?� dramatically increased the number of waterways
i that me once again safe for fishing and
tis . swimming. Despite this great progress in
vr#
reducing water pollution, many of the nation's waters still do not meet
'.' water quality goals. I challenge you to join with me to finish the business
of restoring and protecting our nation's waters for present and future
ey
generations.
i
s �-'4, c %T
v
r
s y -
k a
,s" t
♦,
United States Environmental Protection Agency
4�{ Office of Water (4204M)
EPA832-P-02.002
September 2002
f, www.epa.gov/owm/wamr•efficiency/index.htm
II W9Ier-Ef dent Landscaping
What is
Watevefficient
Landscaping?
ter, many agree, is our most pre,
cious natural resource; without it,
life ceases. Yet judging by our water
use and consumption practices, many of us in
the United States seem to take it for granted. A
typical household uses approximately 260 gal-
lons of water per day. "Water conscious" indi•
viduals often install high -efficiency shower
heads and toilets and wash only full loads of
clothes and dishes to reduce consumption. But
I, the summer, the amount of water used out.
doors by a household can exceed the amount
used for all other purposes in the entire year.
This is especially true in hot, dry climates.
Gardening and lawn care account for the
majority of this seasonal increase, but other out-
door activities, such m washing cars and filling
swimming pools, also contribute. According to
the U.S. Geological Survey, of the 26 billion
gallons of water consumed daily in the United
States', approximately 7.8 billion gallons, or 30
percene, is devoted to outdoor uses. The
majority of this is used for landscaping. In fact,
it is estimated that the typical suburban lawn
consumes 10,000 gallons of water above and
beyond rainwater each year (Vickers, p 140).
Many mistakenly believe that stunning gar-
dens and beautiful lawns are only possible
through extensive watering, fertilization, and
pesticide application. As this booklet will
demonstrate, eye-catching gardens and land-
scapes that save water, prevent pollution, and
protect the environment are, in fact, easily
achieved by employing water -efficient landscap-
ing. Water•efficient landscaping produces
attractive landscapes because it utilizes designs
and plants suited to local conditions.
This booklet describes the benefits of water -
efficient landscaping. It includes several exam-
ples of successful projects and programs, as well
as contacts, references, and a short bibliography.
For speck information about how to best apply
water -efficient landscaping principles to your
geographical area, consult with your county
Xenscape garden at Denver Water
extension service and local garden and nursery
centers. Local governments and water utilities
also possess a wealth of information and sugges-
tions for using water more efficiently in all
aspects of your life, including landscaping.
i W.B. Solley, R.R. Piave, and HA. Perlman. 1998. Emmmed Use of Water m the United Smvs m 1995 (USGS Circular 1200).
USGS. Reston, VA. p.27.
2 Amy Vickers. 2001. Handbook of Waren Use and Cowd ds n Wa=Pin Press. Amherst, MA. p. 140.
Water -Efficient u ndstzping
Xeriscaped front yard in Colorado Springs
Many terms and schools of thought have
been used to describe approaches to water -effi-
cient landscaping. Some examples include
"water -wise," "water- smart, "low-water," and
"natural landscaping." While each of these
terms varies in philosophy and approach, they
are all based on the same principles and are
commonly used interchangeably. One of the
first conceptual approaches developed to
formalize these principles is known as
"Xeriscape' landscaping." Xeriscape landscaping
is defined as "quality landscaping that conserves
water and protects the environment." The word
"Xeriscape" was coined and copyrighted by
Denver Water Department in 1981 to help
make water conserving landscaping an easily
recognized concept. The word is a combination
of the Greek word "xems," which means "dry,"
and "landscape."
The seven principles upon which Xeriscape
landscaping is based are:
is Proper planning and design
• Soil analysis and improvement
• Appropriate plant selection
• Practical turf areas
• Efficient irrigation
• Use of mulches
• Appropriate maintenance
The eight fundamentals of water -wise land-
scaping, below, illustrate the similarities in the
underlaying concepts and principles of Xeriscape
landscaping and other water -efficient approaches.
• Group plants according to their water
needs.
• Use native and low -water -use plants.
• Limit turf areas to those needed for
practical uses.
• Use efficient irrigation systems.
• Schedule irrigation wisely.
• Make sure soil is healthy.
• Remember to mulch.
• Provide regular maintenance.
In short, plan and maintain your landscape
with these principles of water efficiency in mind
and it will continue to conserve water and be
attractive.
3 Denver Water welcomes the use of the term Xeriscape m books, article, and speeches promoting water conserving landscape.
EPA a using this term with permission from Denver Water. For permission to use "XesisraPe" in your Publitatiotu, rail Denver
Water at 303 628-6330.
water -Efficient landscaping
Why Use Water -efficient
Landscaping?
roper landscaping techniques not only
create beautiful landscapes, but also ben-
efit the environment and save water. In
addition, attractive, water -efficient, low -mainte-
nance landscapes can increase home values.
Water -efficient landscaping offers many eco-
nomic and environmental benefits, including:
• Lower water bills from reduced water use.
• Conservation of natural resources and
preservation of habitat for plants and
wildlife such as fish and waterfowl.
• Decreased energy use (and air pollution
associated with its generation) because
less pumping and treatment of water is
required.
• Reduced home or office heating and
cooling costs through the careful place-
ment of trees and plants.
• Reduced runoff of stormwatet and irtiga-
tion water that carries top soils, fertiliz-
ers, and pesticides into lakes, rivers, and
streams.
• Fewer yard trimmings to be managed or
landfilled.
• Reduced landscaping labor and mainte-
nance costs.
• Extended life for water resources infra-
structure (e.g., reservoirs, treatment
plants, groundwater aquifers), thus
reduced taxpayer costs.
Meadow Sage (Salvia pratensis) is the
background for New Mer ko Evening
Pd.,me (0enothera berlandien'siskiyou')
Water -Efficient Landscaping 3
p?
~rte
is
F
i
P.
C
• Reduced runoff of stormwatet and irtiga-
tion water that carries top soils, fertiliz-
ers, and pesticides into lakes, rivers, and
streams.
• Fewer yard trimmings to be managed or
landfilled.
• Reduced landscaping labor and mainte-
nance costs.
• Extended life for water resources infra-
structure (e.g., reservoirs, treatment
plants, groundwater aquifers), thus
reduced taxpayer costs.
Meadow Sage (Salvia pratensis) is the
background for New Mer ko Evening
Pd.,me (0enothera berlandien'siskiyou')
Water -Efficient Landscaping 3
How is Water -efficient
Landscaping Applied?
andscaping that conserves water 7dprrhe environment is not limited to arid landscapes with only rocks and cacti.
Through careful plan-
ning, landscapes can
be designed to be both
pleasing to the senses
and kind to the envi-
ronment. One simple
approach to achieving
this is applying and
adopting the basic
principles of water -
efficient landscaping
to suit your climatic
region. The seven
principles of Xeriscape
landscaping are used
below to describe
these basic concepts in
greater detail.
Proper
planning and
design
Developing a land-
scape plan is the first
and most important
Dragon's 8bDd Sedum
(Sedum spudum) under step in creating a
Honeyhocust Trees (Gleditsia water -efficient land -
b iaconfts) scape. Your plan
should take into account the regional and miao-
climatic conditions of the site, existing vegeta-
tion, topography, intended uses of the property,
and most importantly, the grouping of plants by
their water needs. Also consider the plantssun
or shade requirements and preferred soil condi-
tions. A well -thought-out landscape plan can
serve as your roadmap in creating beautiful,
Water -Efficient landscaping
water -efficient landscapes and allow you to con-
tinually improve your landscape over time.
Soil analysis and
improvements
Because soils vary from site to site, test your
soil before beginning your landscape improve-
ments. Your county extension service can ana-
lyze the pH levels; nutrient levels (e.g.,
nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium); and the
sand, silt, clay, and organic matter content of
your soil. It can also suggest ways to improve
your soil's ability to support plants and retain
water (e.g.. through aeration or the addition of
soil amendments or fertilizers).
Appropriate plant selection
Your landscape design should take into account
your local climate as well as soil conditions.
Focus on preserving as many existing trees and
shrubs as possible because established plants usu-
ally require less water and maintenance. Choose
plants native to your region. Native plants, once
established, require very little to no additional
water beyond normal rainfall. Also, because
they are adapted to local soils and climatic con-
ditions, native plants commonly do not require
the addition of fertilizers and are more resistant
to pests and disease.
When selecting plants, avoid those labeled
"hard to establish ;"'susceptible to disease," or
"needs frequent attention," as these types of
plants frequently require large amounts of sup-
plemental water, fertilizers, and pesticides. Be
careful when selecting non -indigenous species as
some of them may become invasive. An inva-
sive plant might be a water guzzler and will
surely choke out native species. Your state or
county extension service or local nursery can
help you select appropriate plants for your area.
The key to successful planting and trans-
planting is getting the roots to grow into the
surrounding soil as quickly as possible. Knowing
when and where to plant is crucial to speeding
the establishment of new plants. The best time
ro plant will vary from species to species. Some
plants will thrive when planted in a dormant or
inactive state. Others succeed when planted
during the season when root generation is high-
est and sufficient moisture is available to support
new growth (generally, spring is the best season,
but check plant tags or consult with your local
nursery for specific species).
Practical turf areas
How and where turf is placed in the landscape
can significantly reduce the amount of irrigation
water needed to support the landscape. Lawns
require a large amount of supplemental water
and generally greater maintenance than other
vegetation. use turf where it aesthetically high-
lights the house or buildings and where it has
practical function, such as in play or recreation
areas. Grouping turf areas can increase watering
efficiency and significantly reduce evaporative
and noff losses. Select a type of grass that can
withstand drought periods and become dormant
during hot, dry seasons. Reducing or eliminating
turf areas altogether further reduces water use.
Efficient irrigation
Efficient irrigation is a very important part of
using water efficiently outdoors, and applies in
any landscape—whether Xeriscape or
conventional. For this reason, an entire section
of this booklet addresses efficient irrigation; it
can be found on page 6.
Use of mulches
Mulches aid in greater retention of water by
minimizing evaporation, reducing weed growth,
moderating soil temperatures, and preventing
erosion. Organic mulches also improve the con-
dition of your soil as they decompose. Mulches
are typically composed of wood bark chips,
wood grindings, pine straws, nut shells, small
Wine Cup (Callirhoe involuawa) and Sunset Hyssop
(Agastache rupestris) in the Denver Water Xenscape Garden
gravel, or shredded landscape clippings. Avoid
using rock mulches in sunny areas or around
non -arid climate plants, as they radiate large
amounts of heat and promote water loss that
can lead to scorching. Too much mulch can
restrict water flow to plant roots and should be
avoided.
Appropriate maintenance
Water and fertilize plants only as needed. Too
much water promotes weak growth and increases
pruning and mowing requirements. Like any
landscape, a water -efficient yard will require reg-
ular pruning, weeding, fertilization, pest control,
and irrigation. As your water- efficient landscape
matures, however, it will require less mainte-
nance and less water. Cutting turf grass only
when it reaches two to three inches promotes
deeper root growth and a more drought -resistant
lawn. As a rule of thumb, mow your turf grass
before it requires more than one inch to be
removed. The proper cutting height varies, how-
ever, with the type of grass, so you should con-
tact your county extension service or local
nursery to find out the ideal cutting height for
your lawn. Avoid shearing plants or giving them
high nitrogen fertilizers during dry periods
because these practices encourage water -demand-
ing new growth.
Water -Efficient Landscaping
Water -efficient Landscape
Irrigation Methods
Wth common watering practices, a
W
portion of the water applied to
awns and gardens is not absorbed by
the plants. It is lost through evaporation, runoff,
or being pushed beyond the root zone because it
is applied too quickly or in excess of the plants'
needs. The goal of efficient irrigation is to
reduce these losses by applying only as much
water as is needed to keep your plants healthy.
This goal is applicable whether you have a
Xeriscape or a conventional landscape.
To promote the strong root growth that sup-
ports a plant during drought, water deeply and
only when the plant needs water. For clay soils,
watering less deeply and more often is recom-
mended. Irrigating with consideration to soil
Purple Pountaln Grass (Pennisetum setaceum'Rubrum^) and
Marigolds (Calendula officinalls) in planter bed
Water-Effident landscaping
type, the condition of your plants, the season,
and weather conditions—rather than on a fixed
schedule—significantly increases your watering
efficiency. Grouping plants according to similar
water needs also makes watering easier and more
efficient.
Irrigating lawns, gardens, and landscapes
can be accomplished either manually or with an
automatic irrigation system. Manual watering
with a hand-held hose tends to be the most
water -efficient method. According to the
AW WA Research Foundation's outdoor end use
study, households that manually water with a
hose typically use 33 percent less water outdoors
than the average household. The study also
showed that households with in -ground sprin-
kler systems used 35 percent more water, those
with automatic timers used 47 percent more
water, and those with drip irrigation systems
used 16 percent more water than households
without these types of systems. These results
show that in -ground sprinkler and drip irrigation
systems must be operated properly to be water -
efficient.
You can use a hand-held hose or a sprinkler
for manual irrigation. To reduce water losses
from evaporation and wind, avoid sprinklers
that produce a fine mist or spray high into the
air. Soaker hoses can also be very efficient and
effective when used properly. Use a hand-held
soil moisture probe to determine when irrigation
is needed.
To make automatic irrigation systems more
efficient, install system controllers such as rain
sensors that prevent sprinkler systems from win-
ing on during and immediately after rainfall, or
soil moisture sensors that activate sprinklers
only when soil moisture levels drop below pre.
programmed levels. You can also use a weather-
driven programming system. Drip -type irrigation
systems are considered the most efficient of the
automated irrigation methods because they
deliver water directly to the plants' mors. It is
also important to revise your watering schedule
as the seasons change. Over -watering is most
common during the fall when summer irrigation
schedules have not been adjusted to the cooler
temperatures.
To further reduce your water consumption,
consider using alternative sources of irrigation
water, such as gray water, reclaimed water, and
collected rainwater. According to the AW WA
Research Foundation, homes with access to
alternative sources of irrigation reduce their
water bills by as much as 25 percent." Graywater
is untreated household waste water from bath-
room sinks, showers, bathtubs, and clothes
washing machines. Graywater systems pipe this
used water to a storage tank for later outdoor
watering use. State and local graywater laws and
policies vary, so you should investigate what
qualifies as gray water and if any limitations or
restrictions apply. Reclaimed water is waste
water that has been treated to levels suitable for
nonpotable uses. Check with local water offi-
cials to determine if it is available in your area.
Collected rainwater is rainwater collected in cis-
terns, barrels, or storage ranks. Commercial
rooftop collection systems are available, but sim-
ply diverting your downspout into a covered
Red Ualenan (Centranthus rube)
barrel is an easy, low-cost approach. When col-
lecting rainwater, cover all collection vessels to
prevent animals and children from entering and
to prevent mosquito breeding. Some states
might have laws which do not allow collection
of rainwater, so be sure to check with your
state's water resource agency before implement-
ing a rainwater collection system.
4AWWARaar Fwrdanon 1999. Rr9dmvd EMUu,ofwan.�ww.wanwiw.og>
Water-Effident landscaping 7
Non-xeriscaping
WaterEff¢ient Landscaping
Xeriscaviniz
WatervEfficient Undswping
Examples of Successful Water,
efficient Landscaping Projects
Wnter.efficient landscaping techniques
can be used by individuals, compa-
ies, state, tribal, and local govern-
ments, and businesses to physically enhance their
properties, reduce long-term maintenance costs,
and create environmentally conscious landscapes.
The following examples illustrate how water -effi-
cient landscapes can be used in various situations.
onatol Poppies (Paperer oriecule)
Homeowner—public/private
partnership
• The South Florida Water Management Dis-
nicq the Florida Nurserymen and Growers
Association, the Florida Irrigation Society, and
local businesses worked together to produce a
television video called "Plant It Smut with
Xeriscape." The video shows how a typical
Florida residential yard can be retrofitted with
Xeriscape landscaping to save energy, time,
1D Water -Efficient Landscaping
and money. The showcase yard (selected from
70 applicants) had a history of heavy water
use—more than 90,000 gallons per month.
After the retrofit, the yard's aesthetic value
was enhanced; plus it now uses 75 percent less
water and relies on yard trimmings for mulch
and compost.
• The Southwest Florida Water Management
District (SWFWMD), the City of St. Peters-
burg, and Pinellas County, Florida, produced a
video called "Xeriscape It!" It shows a land-
scape being installed using the seven Xeriscape
principles. The SWFWMD also funded several
Xeriscape demonstration sites and maintains a
Xeriscape demonstration garden at its
Brooksville, Florida, headquarters. The garden
features a variety of native and non-native
plants and is available for public viewing,
along with a landscape plant identification
guide.
• Residents of Glendale, Arizona, can receive a
$100 cash rebate for installing or converting
more than half of their landscapable area to
non -grass vegetation. The Glendale Water
Conservation Office conducts an inspection
of the converted lawn to ensure compliance
with rebate requirements and then issues a
rebate check to the homeowner. The purpose
of the Landscape Rebate Program is to perma-
nently reduce the amount of water used to
irrigate grass throughout Glendale.
State government
• Although perceived as a water -rich state,
Florida became the first to enact a statewide
Xeriscape law. Florida's legislature recognized
that its growing population and vulnerable
environment necessitated legal safeguards for
its water resources. The Xeriscape law requires
Florida's Departments of Management Ser-
vices and Transportation to use Xeriscape
landscaping on all new public properties and
to develop a 5 -year program to phase in
Xeriscape on properties constructed before
July 1992. All local governments must also
consider requiring the use of Xeriscape and
offering incentives to install Xeriscaping.
• Texas also developed legislation requiring
Xeriscape landscaping on new construction
projects on state property beginning on or
after January 1994. Additional legislation,
enacted in 1995, requires the Department of
Transportation to use Xeriscape practices in
the construction and maintenance of roadside
parks. All municipalities may consider enact-
ing ordinances requiring Xeriscape to con-
serve water.
City government
In Las Vegas, Nevada, homeowners can receive
up to $1,000 for converting their lawn to
Xeriscape, while commercial landowners can
receive up to a $50,000 credit on their water
bill. The city and several other surrounding
communities hope these eye-catching figures
will help Las Vegas meet its goal of saving 25
percent of the water it would otherwise have
used by the year 2010; to date, it has saved 17
percent. Local officials plan to reach the target
with the assistance of incentive programs
encouraging Xeriscape, a city ordinance limiting
turf to no more than 50 percent of new land-
scapes, grassroots information programs, and a
landscape awards program specifically for
Xeriscaped properties. Preliminary results of a
five-year study show that residents who convert-
ed a portion of their lawns to Xeriscape reduced
total water consumption by an average of 33
percent. The xeric vegetation required less than
a quarter of the water typically used and one-
third the maintenance (both in labor and
expenditures) compared to traditional turf.
Yellow ke Plant (Delosperma nubigenum) clasrup
Developers
Howard Hughes Properties (HHP), a developer
and manager of more than 25,000 acres of resi-
dential, commercial, and office development
property, has enthusiastically used drought toler-
ant landscaping on all of its properties since
1990. Most of the company's properties are
located in Las Vegas, one of the country's fastest
growing metropolitan areas. To conserve
resources, the city and county have implement-
ed regulations requiring developers to employ
certain Xetiscape principles in new projects.
Specifically, a limited percentage of grass can be
used on projects, and it must be kept away from
streets. As the area's first large-scale developer
to recognize the need and value in incorporating
drought tolerant landscaping in parks,
streetscapes, and open spaces, HHP uses native
and desert -adaptive plants that survive and
thrive in the Las Vegas climate with minimal to
moderate amounts of water.
Water-Effiaent landscaping 11
Drip system irrigation controllers are linked
to weather stations that monitor the evapotran.
spiration rate. This allows HHP to determine the
correct amount of water to be applied to plants
at any given time. HHP tests the itrigation sys-
tems regularly and adds appropriate soil amend-
ments to promote healthy plant growth The
maintenance program also includes pest manage-
ment, the use of mulching mowers, and the use
of rock mulch top dressing on all non -turf plant-
ing areas. These measures combine to ensure a
beautiful, healthy, and responsible landscape.
Public/private partnerships
Even the most water -conscious homeowners in
Southern California are over -watering by 50 to
70 gallons per day. The
excess water washes away
fertilizers and pesticides,
which pollute natural
waterways. The quantity
of water wasted (and the
dollars that pay for it) are
even more substantial for
large-scale commercial
properties and develop-
ments.
An innovative part-
nership in Orange County
links landscape water
management, green mate.
rial management, and non -point source pollution
prevention goals into one program—rhe Land-
scape Performance Certification Program. This
program emphasizes efficient landscape irrigation
and features a "landscape irrigation budget" based
on a property's landscape area, type, and the daily
weather. The Municipal Water District monitors
actual water use through a system of 12,000 dedi-
cated water meters installed by participating
landscape managers.
Participants, including landscapers, property
managers, and homeowner associations, can
compare the actual cost of water used on their
property with the calculated budget. '!hose stay-
ing within budget are awarded certification, a
proven marketing tool. This new voluntary pro-
gram is implemented by the Municipal Water
District with input from the California Land-
scape Contractors Association, the Orange
County Integrated Management Department,
the Metropolitan Water District of Southern
California, and local nurseries and has the sup-
port of 32 retailing water suppliers. The program
is already credited with increasing the use of
arid -climate shrubs and landscaping to accom-
modate drip irrigation, and has resulted in cost
savings to water customers.
Y�� 1 yll�F
. F
Miscanthus sinensis
(Miscanthus grass, aim called i 1 _
Maiden grass) variety with
leaves running yellow for fall. Zlr
12 Water -Efficient Landscaping
For More Information
r'lMh, following list of organizations can provide more information on water•efficient landscaping.
This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, rather it is intended to help you locate local infor-
mation sources and possible technical assistance.
Water Management Districts or Utilities
Your local water management district often can provide information on water conservation, including
water efficient landscaping practices. Your city, town, or county water management district can be
found in the Blue Pages section of your local phone book or through your city, town, or county's
Web site if it has one. If you do not know your city, town, or county's Web site, check for a link on
your state's Web site. URIs for state Web sites typically follow this format: <www.state.(two letter
state abbreviation).os>.
Turkish 5peedwell(Veronica
liwanensis) in background
and tulips in foreground.
State/County Extension Services
Your state or county extension service is also an excellent source of information. Many extension services provide free pub-
lications and advice on home landscaping issues including tips on plant selection and soil improvement. Some also offer a
soil analysis service for a nominal fee. Your county extension service can be found in the Blue Pages section of your local
phone book under the county government section or through your county's Web site if it has one. The U.S. Department
of Agriculture's Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (www.reewda.gov/stateparmen/usa.htm)
provides an online directory of land-grant universities which can help you locate your state extension service. Government
Guide (www.govemmentguide.com) is yet another online resource that might prove helpful in locating state or local
agencies.
Organizations
The following is a partial list of organizations located across the United States that provide helpful information on water -effi-
cient landscaping.
American Water Works Association (AW WA)
6666 West Quincy Avenue
Denver, CO 80235
Telephone: 303 794-7711
and
1401 New York Avenue, NW, Suite 640
Washington, DC 20005
Telephone: 202 628-8303
Web: <www.awwa.org>
Arizona Municipal Water Users Association
(AMWUA)
Web: <www.amwua.org/program-xerisoape.htm>
BASIN
City of Boulder Environmental Affairs
P.O. Box 791
Boulder, CO 80306
Phone: 303 441.1964
E-mail: basin®bcn.boulder.co- us
Web: <bcn.boulder.r .us/basln/local/seven.html>
Denver Water
1600 West 12th Avenue
Denver, CO 80204
Phone: 303 628-6000
Fax: 303 628-6199
TDDY: 303 534.4116
Office of Water Conservation hotline:
303 628-6343
E-mail: jane.earle®denverwatecorg
Web: <www.watendenvenco.gov/
conservation/conservframe.html>
New Mexico Water Conservation Program/Water
Conservation Clearinghouse
P. O. Box 25102
Santa Be, NM 87504
Phone: 800 WATER -NM
E-mail: watemm®ose.state.nm.us
Fax: 505 827-3813
Web: <www.ose.state.nm.us/water-info/
conservation/index.html>
Project WET - Water Education for Teachers
201 Culbertson Hall
Montana State University
Bozeman, MT 59717
Phone: 406 994-5392
Web: <www.montana.edu/wwwwet>
Rocky Mountain Institute
1739 Snowmass Creek Road
Snowmass, CO 81654-9199
Phone: 970 927-3851
Web: <www.rmi.org>
Water -Efficient landscaping 13
Southern Nevada Water Authority
1001 S. Valley View Boulevard, Mailstop #440
Las Vegas, NV 89153
Phone: 702 258-3930
Web: <wwwsnwa.com>
Southwest Florida Water Management District
2379 Broad Street
Brooksville, FL 34604-6899
Phone: 352 7967211 car 800423-1476 (Florida only)
Web: <www.swfwmdstate.fl.us/watercon/
xeris/swfxeris.html>
Sustainable Sources Green Building Program: Sustain-
able Building Source Book
E-mail: info®greenbuilder.com
Web:<www.greenbuildeccom/sourcebook/
xeriscape.html>
Water Conservation Garden — San Diego County
12122 Cuyamaca College Drive West
EI Cajon, CA 92019
Phone: 619 660-0614
Fax: 619 660-1687
Resources
he following is a partial list of publications
on resource efficient landscaping. For even
more information, particularly on plants
suited to your locale, consult your local library,
county extension service, nursery, garden clubs, or
water utility.
Ball, Ken and American Water Works Association
Water Conservation Committee. Xeriscape Pro-
grams fm Water Utilities. Denver: American Water
Works Association, 1990.
Bennett, Jennifer. Dry -Land Gardening: A Xerismping
Guide fm Dry -Summer, Cold -Winter Climates. Buf-
falo: Firefly, 1998.
Bennett, Richard E. and Michael S. Hazinski. Water,
Efficient Landscape Guidelines. Denver: American
Water Works Association, 1993.
Brenzel, Kathleen N., ed. Western Garden Book, 2001
Edition. Menlo Park: Sunset Publishing Corpora-
tion, 2001.
City of Aurora, Colorado Utilities Department. Land.
scaping fm Water Conservation: Xeriscape! Aurom:
Colorado Utilities Department, 1989.
14 Water -Efficient landscaping
E-mail: info®thegarden.org
Web: <www.thegarden.org/garden/xeriscape/
index.html> and <www.sdcwa.org/manage/
conservation-xeriscape.phtml>\
WaterWiser. The Water Efficiency Clearing House
(Operated by AW WA in cooperation with the U.S.
Bureau of Reclamation)
6666 West Quincy Avenue
Denver, CO 80235
Phone: 800 559-9855
Fax: 303 794.6303
E-mail: bewiser@waterwisecorg
Web: <www.waterwisecorg>
Xeriscape Colorado!, Inc.
P.O. Box 40202
Denver, CO 80204.0202
Web: <wwwxeracape.org>
Johnson, Eric and Scott Millard. The Low -Water Flotuer
Gardener: 270 Undinsty Plana fm Color, Including
Perennials, Ground Covers, Grasses 6f Shrubs. Tuc-
son: Ironwood Press, 1993.
Knopf, James M. The Xenscape Flower Gardener. Boul-
der: Johnson Books, 1991.
Knopf, James M., ed. Waterwise landscaping with Trees,
Shrubs, and Vines: A Xenscape Guide for the Rocky
Mountain Region, California, and rhe Dam South-
west. Boulder: Chamisa Books, 1999.
Knox, Kim, ed. Landscaping fm Water Conservation:
Xeriscape. Denver: City of Aurora and Denver
Water, 1989.
Nellis, David W. Seashore Plana of South Florida and the
Caribbean: A Guide to Identifuation and Propagation
of Xeriscape Plana. Sarasota: Pineapple Press, Inc.,
1994.
Peny, Bob. landscape Plana for Westem Regions: An
Illustrated Guide in Plana fm Water Conservation.
Claremont: Land Design Publishing, 1992.
Phillips, Judith. Natural by Design: Beauty and Balance
in Southwest Gardens. Santa Fe: Museum of New
Mexico Press, 1995.
Phillips, Judith. Planes for Natural Gardens: Southwestem Sunset Books, ads. Wanervnse Gardening: Behutifu
Nadve Et Adaptive Trees, Shrubs, Wildflowers f8 }' with Less Water. Menlo Park: Lane Publishin
Grasses. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press, pany, 1989.',, ;•,:,
1995,..,,., Vickers, Amy. Handbc4 of Water Use and Conse•
Robinette, Gar'bc Water Conservation in Landscape '•s, Ahrherst, MA: WaterPlow Press, 2001.
Design and Mamreru rice; New York: Nostrand Rein- ''� Wemstedti,Gayle. Xcnis Handbook: A Has -T
hold, 1984. "`' "s, m Naiqul, Resource-Wise.,Gardening. Golden:
Lauren. The Undaunted
ing,j,QkQ- Plants for�G(ard
Springer, Lapm-Tatermse Gardening. New York Prep, �. Publishing
�ayceHall Gardening,,199 y
Step{liet7Mom. Doug Welsh,'snd Contrie Ellefson. a`+t' � c" Piubishir
x ', °Gardening, Water Con-servadon for the Amer- 's1
Winger Da; ed.
New York Macmill2n Publishing,
1992.'ti'l-``%:`i`.ti
Vol.
Technical advice provided by Alice Darilek, Elizabeth Gaa_id@-k,,and David Winger.,',
Cover photograph from Tom Brahl Photography. ", 4 " ,'
Interior photographs have been provided courtesy of Denver Wated ,David `�Umgei
Illustrations by Linda Cook.
For copies of this publication contact:
EPA Water Resources Center (RC -4100) • '
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW.
Washington, DC 20460
For more information regarding`waterefficiency, please contact:
Water Efficiency Program (4204M)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW.
Washington, DC 20460
<www.epa.gov/OWM/water-efficiency/index.htm>
rn Press, 1997.
ie: 100 Water-W!ise,�"'•
Golden: Fu1crunr�y
Le.. Golden Ful "
The
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(it<J//DVCA%201iillsbmugb%20Tl7.tx ATTACHMENT
d estic units shall be confined to the interior of such structures; exterior improvements shall be limited
to no 1 upkeep and repair and to such improvements as do not enlarge or alter the existing outs'
dimensioits<lhe structure.
B. Notes ding the foregoing, in the event that a natural disaster (such as e, earthquake,
flood, landslide, etc.) d s or destroys a nonconforming detached domestic t, the same may be
reconstructed to the same or smalleroutside dimensions as those of the d ged or destroyed structure.
C. Notwithstanding the foregob an existing detached do tc that is converted to a second
unit may be enlarged to a maximum floor are one thousan o hundred square feet subject to
requirements relating to height, setback, lot covera F and architectural review. (Ord. 648 § 11,
2003)
17.52.030
17.52.040 Conversion of exisflng r .. en 'al space.
Recognizing that there may considerable existing stock of potentr econd units in the town
and that this stock represent valuable housing resource for the community, the n wishes to
encourage property ow rs to take advantage of this second unit ordinance. According , ough
December 31, 20 , any property owner may apply to the town without penalty or fee for the ose of
converting e ' ng appropriate residential space (such as guest suites, guest quarters, pool houses,
carriage uses, domestic quarters, etc.) into a second unit in accordance with the provisions and
re ' ements of this chapter. (Ord. 648 § 11, 2003)
Chapter 17.56
LANDSCAPING*
Sections:
17.56.010
Purpose.
17.56.020
Definitions.
17.56.030
Landscaping --Required.
17.56.040
Water conservation.
17.56.050
Landscaping projects subject to review and permitting.
17.56.060
Design review.
17.56.070
Permit(s) for landscaping.
17.56.080
Security.
17.56.090
Deadline for completion of landscaping.
17.56.100
Application of chapter.
Prior history: Prior Ords. 378, 517 and 618. Formerly Ch. 15.52 and 17.72.
17.56.010 Purpose.
A. The general purpose of this chapter is to promote the public health, safety, and welfare by
facilitating the proper and timely landscaping of all properties in keeping with the character of the town
file:///D CA%20nillsb.=gh%20TI Tut (46 of 52)12tl12003 2:28:18 AM
ile:///D CA%2014illsborough%20717.[#
1d by insuring that substantial changes in existing landscaping are appropriate to the needs and
andards of the community.
B. Additional, specific purposes of this chapter are (i) to reduce fire hazards caused by uncleared
ild grasses, undergrowth, and dead growth, (ii) to mitigate erosion and storm water run-off, and (iii) to
lcourage efficient water use through proper landscape design and appropriate plant selection for the
-cal climate. (However, nothing in this chapter shall be deemed to mean that property developed in
=rdance with the provisions of this chapter is entitled to water in excess of that allocated for such
-operty during periods of water rationing.) (Ord. 639 § 26 (part), 2003)
7.56.020 Definitions.
A. "Landscaping" means any one or combination of the following:
1. Installing or planting trees, shrubs, grass, or ornamental or other vegetation;
2. Installing or constructing decks, fences, walls, arbors, lighting fixtures, statuary, fountains,
Dods, or other ornamental structures;
3. Arranging the land and the elements thereon by grading (which includes, but is not limited to,
loving, altering, scarifying, excavating, digging, leveling, filling, tunneling, or scraping the natural
)poSr'aphy);
4. Removing any tree (which includes, but is not limited to, major surgery to the trunk or major
mbs of the tree);
5. Demolishing any swimming pool;
6. Altering or potentially altering drainage or creating or potentially creating a soil erosion
roblem.
B. "Landscaped" means having had landscaping installed.
C. The foregoing notwithstanding, nothing in these definitions shall be deemed to preclude
saving the land in its natural state (if kept clear of dead vegetation) so long as that is consistent with the
urposes set forth in Section 17.56.010. (Ord. 639 § 26 (part), 2003)
7.56.030 Landscaping --Required.
All developed property shall be landscaped. In the event that all or part of a lot has never been
,raded or planted, that portion of the lot may be retained in its natural state, if appropriately maintained.
appropriate maintenance of the natural state shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, removing
lead, dying, or other hazardous trees or other vegetation, and otherwise pruning, thinning, and
naintaining the natural vegetation to ensure fire safety and to ensure compliance otherwise with the
mrposes of this chapter. (Ord. 639 § 26 (part), 2003)
7.56.040 Water conservation.
No more than thirty-four percent of the softscape area, (as defined in Section 17.32.060(A)(3)) of a
of occupied by a dwelling shall be devoted to water use (for example, swimming pools, ponds, and
ountains) plus turf and the other high -water -use plant materials. High -water -use plants are those
dentified as such in the list maintained by the planning office. (Ord. 640 § 5 (part), 2003; Ord. 639 § 26
part), 2003)
17.56.040
17.56.050 Landscaping projects subject to review and permitting.
fi1eJ//DVCA%20HiMborough%20r17.Mt (47 or 52)12J22003 2:28:18 AM
file:///D CA%20Hi➢sbmough%20T17.mt
Landscaping projects subject to the review and permit procedures of this chapter are the following:
A. Removing a tree that has a trunk (or multiple trunks) with a total diameter of thirty-six inches
or more measured at four feet, six inches above natural grade. (Such tree removal shall also comply with
Title 14.)
B. Adding or moving fifty cubic yards or more of dirt or soil.
C. Rehabilitating more than ten thousand square feet of landscaped area.
D. Installing landscaping for a residence being newly constructed (either on a previously
unimproved lot or on a lot whose previous residence has been tom down).
E. Landscaping (other than as described in (A) through (D) of this section) whose fair market
value is twelve thousand dollars or more. (Ord. 640 § 5 (part), 2003; Ord. 644 § 1, 2003; Ord. 639 § 26
(part), 2003)
17.56.060 Design review.
A. Landscaping projects listed in Section 17.56.050 shall require design review approval as set
forth in Section 2.12.070. (Landscaping projects listed in Section 17.56.050 require type B design
review per Section 2.12.070(A)(2)(c)(viii). Landscaping projects not listed in Section 17.56.050 are not
subject to design review at all, per Section 2.12.070(B)(1)(e).
B. The applicant shall obtain design review approval of the landscaping plan prior to the
issuance of any building permit for the construction, reconstruction, or remodel of any structure being
built in connection with the installation of the landscaping. (Ord. 639 § 26 (part), 2003)
17.56.070 Permit(s) for landscaping.
After securing design review approval as set forth in Section 17.56.060, the applicant shall file a
written application with the building department to obtain the appropriate permit(s) required for the
installation of the landscaping. (Depending on the design of the landscaping, such permits can include
building, plumbing, electrical, encroachment, etc.) The application for permit(s) shall be filed on a
standard form prepared for that purpose, together with the application fee as set forth from time to time
by resolution of the city council. if Section 17.56.040 is applicable to the landscaping plan, the
application for permit(s) shall also include an irrigation system plan that provides for efficient use of
irrigation by grouping high water use plants together. (Ord. 639 § 26 (part), 2003)
17.56.080 Security.
The building department may require that the applicant post a bond or other security satisfactory to
the building department prior to the issuance of the permit(s) for landscaping. The amount of the bond or
other security shall be set by the building department in an amount sufficient to guarantee completion of
the approved landscaping by the applicable deadline set forth in Section 17.56.090. (Ord. 639 § 26
(part), 2003)
17.56.090 Deadline for completion of landscaping.
A. Landscaping installed in connection with the construction of a new residence shall be
completed within six months after the date of issuance of the certificate of occupancy for the residence
pursuant to Title 15 of this code.
B. For landscaping approved by the architecture and design review board in connection with a
file:///D CA%201 iMbomugh%20T 17.w (48 of 52)12/22003 2:28:18 AM
ile:///D CA%20Aillsboroogh%20T17.Mt
instruction project approved by the architecture and design review board for an addition to, remodeling
., and/or any other reconstruction of an existing residence, the applicant shall obtain final inspection of
e landscaping prior to final inspection of the construction project.
C. In all events and notwithstanding any other provision in paragraph A or B of this section, for
instruction described in paragraph A or B of this section, the applicant shall obtain a final inspection of
e landscaping within one year of the sheet rock nailing inspection of the construction project. (Ord.
10 § 5 (part), 2003; Ord. 639 § 26 (part), 2003)
1.56.090
1.56.100 Application of chapter.
Chapter 17.56 shall apply to all single-family dwellings (as described in Section 17.16.010(A)(1)).
xcept for Sections 17.56.040 and 17.56.090, Chapter 17.56 shall also apply to all country clubs (as
-scribed in Section 17.16.010(A)(2)), all private schools (as described in Section 17.16.010(B)(2)), and
le racquet club (as described in 17.16.010(E)(1)); provided, however, that as to country clubs, private
;hools, and the racquet club, paragraph D of Section 17.56.050 shall apply only to single-family
wellings, if any, located on the premises of country clubs, private schools, or the racquet club. (Ord.
40 § 5 (part), 2003)
17.60
BONUSES AND OTHER
IONS OR INCENTIVES
ections:
7.60.010 Purpose.
7.60.020 When applica
7.60.030 Preliminary proce
7.60.040 Integration with subdivi ' n approval
7.60.010 Purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide ' cen ' es for the production of housing for lower income
louseholds (which, as set forth in Califo Health an fery Code Section 50079.5(b), includes very
ow and extremely low income hous Ids) and senior 'or
Ids in accordance with Sections 65915
hrough 65917 of the California overnment Code. Section 659 ects the town to provide density
)onuses and/or other conce 'ons or incentives under certain circums s, as set forth in Section
i5915 et seq., in order encourage the construction of low income housing. ensity bonuses
ssentially allow a units per acre than would otherwise be permitted. Other co ssions or
ncentives, for ample, could include the reduction or waiver of permit fees an
u fees and/or
he provis' of financial assistance in constructing public improvements.) Section 65915 o directs
he to to adopt an ordinance specifying how the town will comply with these provisions. ( 648 §
file:///DVCA%20HillsbDrough%20TI7.at (49 of 52)12/22003 2:28:18 AM
ATTACHMENT I
TOWN OF HILLSBOROUGH
SAN MATEO COUNTY
Planning Office 1600 Floribunda Avenue
650/375-7411 Hillsborough
Fax 650/375-74150 Cahfomia 94010
Architecture and Design Review Board
LANDSCAPING APPLICATION PACKET
Revised May 2003
SUMMARY of SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS
A complete ADRB Landscaping Application includes all of the following items:
One of each:
Completed application form with the owners original signature (not a copy)
Filing fee (check made out to Town of Hillsborough)
Plan Sets, folded and labeled as required:
3 full-size sets (Maximum Sheet Size is 24"x 36°)
7 reduced sets (50% reductions including a graphic scale)
Each plan set must be 100% legible and have the following attachments:
Photos of the site
Photo key to show location of photos
Arborist report (if required)
Cut sheets of lighting fixtures, mailboxes, unusual materials, etc.
One separate set of geometric verifications:
Hardscape calculations on a full-size site plan or planting plan
High water use calculations on full-size planting plan
Note: Computer-generated verifications will be accepted in lieu of geometric verifications
if they are "vet stamped" and signed by a licensed design professional.
Also see Landscaping Plan Requirements in this packet.
Only COMPLETE applications will be accepted.
Town of Hillsborough
Landscaping Requirements and Application Process
Landscaping includes installing or planting trees, shrubs, lawn or other vegetation; constructing
decks, fences, walls, arbors; installing hardscepe, landscape lights, statuary, fountains, or other
structures; grading; and removing trees.
According to the Hillsborough Municipal Code, the following projects require ADRB approval before
plans are submitted to the Building Department for the required Permit(s):
• Landscape plans for a new residence
• Landscaping projects which, in total, will result in the rehabilitation of more than 10,000 square
feet of lot area
• Landscaping projects with a total value exceeding $12,000.00, based on open -market value
• Tree removal that is not related to other property improvements: The removal of any tree which
has a trunk with a diameter of 36" (or a circumference of 9.5 feet) or greater, measured at 4.5
feet above natural grade, requires ADRB approval before a Tree Removal Permit can be issued
by the Building Department.. Exception: If, based on a report from a certified arborist, the
condition of a tree presents an immediate hazard to life or property, a Tree Removal Permit may
be issued without ADRB approval.
Front Fencing - If the project involves ONLY fencing/gates along the street and/or driveway
columns, use the ADRB Fencing Application (not this Landscaping Application), which is available in
the Planning Office. If the landscaping project includes fencing/gates along a street and/or driveway
columns, consult the Fencing Application packet for design standards and plan requirements to be
incorporated into this Landscaping Application.
Parking Strip—The Municipal Code requires that some projects include the installation of parking
strips in the area between the curb or pavement and the street property line; the ADRB may require it
on other projects. If a parking strip is required by Code and cannot be provided, the plans must
demonstrate the applicable site constraints and be accompanied by written approval from the City
Engineer. See attached handout with standards for parking strip areas.
Pools & Spas — See attached handout. Plans must show the location of all related equipment.
Tree Removal and Replacement—The Town encourages the removal of Blue Gum Eucalyptus,
Monterey Pine, Monterey Cypress, and Baileyana Acacia trees unless they are in good condition and
the property owner wishes to retain them because they provide valuable screening. All types of trees
that are removed must be replaced at a ratio of 2:1 provided the trees can be reasonably
accommodated on the property. See Landscape Plan Requirements (page 6) for arborist report
requirements.
Review by Town's Consultant— Landscape plans are reviewed by the Town's Consulting
Landscape Architect, who will conduct a site visit, study the plans, and prepare a written report to the
Board. The Town's Consultant also may conduct final inspections for installations. The application
fees cover the Town's costs associated with this review. Larger, more complex sites and projects
may require more time than smaller projects; clear, complete and precise plans will require less time
and result in lower costs to the applicant.
Public Notices—After the application has been filed and deemed complete, information about
preparing public notices will be provided. The ADRB requests that the applicants discuss the project
with neighboring property owners before the public notices are mailed.
2
Town of Hillsborough
LANDSCAPING APPLICATION - OWNER'S AUTHORIZATION
(Please Type or Print Legibly)
Authorization of property owner(s): In signing this application, I/we, as property owner(s)
have full legal capacity to, and hereby do, authorize the filing of this application. I/we
understand that conditions of approval are binding. I/we agree to be bound by those
conditions, subject only to the right to object at the hearing or during the appeal period.
Please circle: Mr. and Mrs. / Mr. / Mrs. / Ms. / Dr
Name(s):
Signature(s):
Mailing Address:
(Street or P.O. Boz)
(CM. state
Phone Number(s): Fax:
Landscape Architect/Designer:
Mailing Address:
(street or P.O. Box)
and Zip Code)
Phone Number(s): Fax:
Email Address:
Note: If the architect/designer is not located in California, a local project representative must be
identified. Please include phone and fax numbers.
Who will prepare the public notices?
Phone Number(s):
a
Fax:
GENERAL DATA FOR LANDSCAPING APPLICATION
Project Address:
Assessor's Parcel No.:
Lot size: sq.ft. Source of information:
(Town o/Hillsborough should not be cited as Me source)
Project Description:
Circle One
Is this the required landscape plan for a new house?
Yes
No
Does the project include removal of trees that are 12" or greater in diameter?
Yes
No
Does the project include fencing, columns and/or gates along a street?
Yes
No
Does the project include a new driveway out location?
Yes
No
Does the project include any structure(s) other than fencing, such as an
Yes
No
arbor, gazebo, or poolhouse?
Does the project include a pooVspa site?
Yes
No
For projects involving installation of new pool/spas:
Distance from property line at closest point:
Distance from a structure (house, poolhouse, etc.) at closest point
See the ADRB Meeting Schedule for important
instructions for filing applications.
Available in the Planning Office, Hillsborough Town Hall
4
GENERAL DATA, Continued
LOT COVERAGE CALCULATIONS (required for all landscaping applications):
Structure Hardscape Landscape* Total Lot
Existing
40% maximum
Landscape
s .ft.
60% minimum
Total
To Be Removed
100%
scape Area
s .ft.
To Be Added
(sq.ft.)
Total
% of total lot
100%
Landscape area"is the total area of the site, minus the area covered by structures and other
hardscape (non -porous, impervious areas such as areas covered by concrete, walls, etc.)
`*This amount should equal the lot size from above.
HARDSCAPE CALCULATIONS FOR SETBACK AREAS ALONG STREETS (required only for
proposals involving work within the street setback area(s), which is the 25 feet immediately behind
the property line, adjacent to a street or, for a comer lot, the streets):
Square Feet % of Setback Area % Allowed
Hardscape
40% maximum
Landscape
60% minimum
Total
L
100%
HIGH WATER USE CALCULATIONS (required only for landscape plans for a new house, or plans
that involve 10,000 sq. ft. or more of site area):
Srnrare Feet % of Landscape Area % Allowed
High water
34% maximum
use area*
Total Land-
100%
—'
scape Area
-'High water use area"includes pools, spas, fountains and other water features; lawn or turf
areas; and other high water use plants.
PRELIMINARY GRADING CALCULATIONS: c.y. cut; G.Y. fill
LANDSCAPING PLAN REQUIREMENTS
All of the following items are required to be included on the plans and in the application submittal.
Construction -level drawings are not acceptable.
1. EACH PLAN SHEET: Include the site address and the owner's name; the date of the plans; the
name, address and phone number of the professional who prepared the plans; a north arrow, and
scale. Plans shall be drawn at a scale to clearly represent the project (not less than 1 inch=1
foot). Maximum sheet size for full-sized plans is 24" x 36".
2. LOCATION MAP: On the first page of the plans, show the location of the subject property in
relation to surrounding properties (including across the street and adjacent to the rear of the
property), streets (with street names) and other landmarks. Show addresses of surrounding
properties. (See example on page 8.)
3. SITE PLAN:
A. Basics - Accurate property lines (especially at the front of lot), all easements (indicate type &
size), adjacent rights-of-way with street names, curbs, gutters and parking strip areas (which
are the areas between the curb or pavement and the street property line). Remember: All
new (proposed) fencing and posts must be shown within the private property; no construction
(including fences) is permitted within the public right-of-way, unless the City Engineer has
granted approval.
B. T0000raohv - Depending on the site and the project, provide contours, spot elevations, and/or
cross sections. For new driveways, topo lines must be shown. Be sure that slope arrows
accurately reflect topography.
C. Setbacks - Delineate, with dashed lines, the required front, rear, and side setback areas.
Include dimensions from property lines to all key (existing and proposed) structures. Show
dimensions for: all driveway widths (at narrowest point), the distance from the street (or
pavement edge) to driveway gates, the distances between structures (including house, pools,
spas, posts and other features), parking spaces/areas, and the required 25 -foot back-up
areas from garages. All of these minimum distances are specked in the Development
Standards.
D. Structures and Improvements - All existing (to remain/to be removed) and proposed structures
and/or buildings should be shown. Include dimensions for all new improvements. Indicate
walkways, patios, driveways, stairs, trash areas, trellises, architectural light fixtures, fencing
and walls. Give wall heights in feet and inches (not just spot elevations) from finish grade (it is
easier for lay people to understand). See the ADRB Fencing Application for additional specific
requirements for driveway columns, gates, and fencing along a street.
4. CUT SHEETS: Attach to each plan set manufacturer's cut sheets for architectural light fixtures
(not for small landscape lights), special paving or retaining wall materials, and all other unique
features and design elements that might be important to the ADRB or neighbors. Be sure that
finishes, wattage (60 watt maximum), and dimensions are specked for architectural lights.
5. ELEVATIONS: Include fully dimensioned elevations of all structures (including trellises, outdoor
fireplaces, etc.). Include information on finishes, treatments, and colors. For fences and walls
along streets, full elevations are required (see Fencing Application) at a scale to sufficiently show
the fence in relation to the topography. When plant materials are shown in elevation, specify at
what future point in the growth (months, seasons, or years) the elevation represents so that the
ADRB and neighbors have a sense of the completed project.
6. MAILBOX: The ADRB likes to see that the location and design (if applicable) of the mailbox has
been given consideration. For safety, the Fire Department asks that every application include
house address numerals (one set only) that are to be clearly visible from the street, minimum 4"
high numerals. If these are already present, just note it on the plans.
7. DRIVEWAYS: Driveways must be at least 14 feet wide (dimension the width at the narrowest
point). This is true for driveway gates, when they are in the open position. Show that the
driveway complies with Town standards (maximum 5% slope for the first 15 feet, and a maximum
slope of 16%; that it has a perpendicular connection with the street; and a Town of Hillsborough
standard driveway apron) unless the application is accompanied by written approval from the Fire
Department. If the project includes new locations for driveway cuts, they must be staked on the
site and approved by the City Engineer before the ADRB application is submitted.
8. PLANTING PLAN: The planting plan need not indicate every new plant on the site; the Board
will focus on trees, plants used as screening, plant materials within and/or visible from the public
rights-of-way/streets, or areas that may be a concern of neighbors.
A. Plant Materials:
• For ease of review by staff and neighbors, use a numbered key system for identifying
plant materials (such as: #1, #2, etc., with a coinciding list), rather than a flagging system
with plant names abbreviated throughout the plan.
• Show all new plant materials that are:
a). Within, or adjacent to, the public right-of-way (street).
b). Visible from the street and/or within the 25' frontyard setback area.
c). To provide screening along a property line, a tennis court, etc.
d). In other key locations.
• The plan must include plant locations, species (common & botanical names), container sizes
and quantities.
B. Trees:
Show all existing trees that are 12" or greater in diameter, measured at 4.5 feet above grade.
Also, show all native trees of all sizes. Accurately indicate the trunk location and diameter, the
extent of the canopy, and the correct genus and species. If a tree is to be removed, mark it
clearly with an X through the diameter. Locate and identify all new (proposed) trees.
Blue Gum Eucalyptus, Monterey Pine, Monterey Cypress, and Baileyana Acacia trees should be
removed unless they are in good condition and the property owner wishes to retain them because
they provide valuable screening.
An arborist report is required:
a). When plans show Blue Gum Eucalyptus, Monterey Pines, Monterey Cypress and/or
Baileyana Acacias, which are normally expected to be removed, "to remain." The
arborist's recommendations regarding pruning, etc., must be incorporated in the plans.
b). When plans include removal of native Oaks of any caliper greater than 6" other than those
within the building pad area.
c). When plans include removal of trees 12" or greater in diameter (measured at 4.5 feet
above grade) other than those within the building pad area. Exception: an arborist report
is not required for the removal of Monterey Pines, Monterey Cypress, Blue Gum
Eucalyptus and Baileyana Acacias, for which removal is expected.
• Trees on the plans shall be numbered to correspond with the tree numbering system used in
the arborist report.
• All trees to be removed should be replaced at a 2:1 ratio if they can be reasonably
accommodated on the site. Replacement trees do not need to be the same type of tree or in
the same location as those removed.
• Plans shall include a table of trees to be removed and to be added, including the
genusispecies of the removed/new tree, the arborist report number (if applicable), the
diameter of existing trees, the container size and growth rate of new trees, and quantities.
7
9. GEOMETRIC VERIFICATIONS: The geometric verifications graphically show how the extent
of hardscape coverage and high water use areas has been calculated. The totals shown on
the geometric verifications must match the information provided on page 5 of the application
form (General Data).
A. Lot Coverage Calculations - The Hillsborough Municipal Code includes limits for the
amount of structural coverage and hardscape coverage. On one separate site plan,
provide geometric verifications of the hardscape calculations for the setback area along
the street(s) and the lot coverage calculations for entire site, if applicable, as per those on
the General Data sheet (page 4). Graphically demonstrate and verify the calculations with
areas of geometric shapes: indicate the dimensions and square footage of each shape,
and show the sum total of all the shapes (see attached example) so that the sum of the
parts equals the total indicated.
B. High Water Use Calculations - To encourage water conservation, the Municipal Code
requires that all applications for new houses and landscape rehabilitations for more than
10,000 square feet demonstrate compliance with limitations on high water use areas. For
applications of this nature, provide geometric verifications of the high water use
calculations by using a colored marker to delineate these areas on one separate full-sized
planting plan (see attached example). Indicate the total square footage of the site, the
total landscaped area, the total high water use area, and the percentage of the site in high
water use. This number must match the information on page 5 (General Data).
High water use areas include lawn, vegetable gardens, and water features such as
swimming pools, spas and fountains. No more than 34% of the landscaped area of the
site shall be in high water use.
In lieu of geometric verifications, computer-generated verifications will be accepted
if they are "wet stamped" and signed by a licensed design.
Sample Location Map
This B an example of a location map, which is
required for all applications. Show the project
site relative to nearby properties, with addresses
on the adjacent properties and the names of the
streets in the immediate area. If a pre-printed
map Is used, be sure that the entire street name
is included for adjacent streets.
LOCATION MAP
Attachments: Handouts on Parking Strips and Swimming Pools
Geometric VerifWions of Calculations
Plan Folding Instructions
Landscwing ApIn May 03 Eoc
Town of Hillsborough
Swimming Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs
Setback Requirements
The standard setback requirements for
swimming pools, spas, hot tubs and
pool equipment are:
• Twenty (20) feet from any interior
property line; and,
• Twenty-five (25) feet from any street
property line.
However, they may be located as close
as five (5) feet from an interior property
line, if they are also at least forty (40)
feet from any adjoining residence and if
the adjoining property owner(s) has
indicated in writing that there are no
concems with the location.
Pools, spas and hot tubs must also be
at least ten (10) feet from the residence
(or any other structure) to allow for fire
safety access. Written approval from
the Fire Department must be submitted
with projects which do not comply with
this requirement.
Measurement
The edge of the coping shall be the
measuring point for pools and spas. If
there is no coping, the edge of the water
shall be the measuring point.
Perimeter Walking Surface
A level walking surface extending from
the outer edge of the swimming pool,
spa or hot tub coping a minimum of four
(4) feet in width shall be installed
surrounding the entire perimeter. This
surface may consist of any material,
including, brick, tile, cement, soil or lawn
(HMC Chapter 15)
swimming Pools Jan 03
Equipment
Equipment housed within a structure
may be located within the setback area
if the structure:
• is not greater than 6 feet in height or
40 sq. ft. in size; and,
• is not closer than 5 feet from any
property line; and,
• is at least 40 feet from any adjoining
residence; and,
• is more than 25 feet from the
property line along any street; and,
• the adjoining property owners) has
indicated in writing that there are no
concems with the location.
Safety Fencing
It is required that the property with any
new swimming pool, hot tub or spa have
a fence (which may be located on the
property line, adjacent to the pool, or
anywhere else on the lot to prevent
unauthorized entry) which complies with
provisions of Appendix 4, Section 421 of
the Uniform Building Code. Depending
on its location and height, this safety
fencing may be subject to the Design
Review process.
Permit Requirements
Design Review is not required for pools,
spas and hot tubs, unless they are part
of a larger project. Design Review is
required for pool equipment structures
and some fencing. Follow the
instructions in the Administrative Review
Application to apply for approval.
Construction (including plumbing and
electrical) permits are required. All
plans shall show compliance with the
above requirements, including neighbor
sign -offs, if applicable.
�.x
10
Plan Folding Instructions
All plans submitted for review by the City Council or Architecture and Design Review
Board (ADRB) shall be folded and addressed in the following manner:
1
2
PhPtoeakay,
WI SfIeBIa, eC. �
Y
I
PLAN SET F
'
sheets of plans ehould Mslapbd in eeh along the left edge.
AdechmeMe sudn as phots andMorM sheets should ne stapled
�PL4NISEf/
v
Fold eaM vWin,�Ind inn�hr�eM4lf.,��fdding tM rgnd edge mr
in ft IIWaIM LMler..
onto fhe ij (stapie•/ "�W, printed side to the milds.
3
4
Fddlhs remainder
mnan. bldYq
deedy PdM Ne
ane addreee
the lei edge over
in lnk In this loulbn noun edge of
onto the right, or foldedl edge,
on the odside of tlrewings
the plan Package.
1. Staple photos, cut sheets and other attachments along in the upper left comer.
2. Fold the plansets in half, either way, depending on the orientation.
3.. Clearly print the site address on the outside, as in step $4 above.
4. Plan sets should open like a book, from right to left.
Revised
11
ATTACHMENT /0
PURISSIMA HILLS WATER DISTRICT
MINUTES OF THE REGULAR MEETING
OFTHE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
M MA/v
AUGUST 13, 2003
1. ROLL CALL: The regular meeting of the Board of Directors was called to order at 6:30 p.m.
Present were President Janet M. Fenwick, Vice President Ernest Solomon and Directors Maurice R.
Johnson, Daniel F. Seidel and Alex S. Vayntrub. Staff present were Phillip G. Harris and Gary Ushiro,
Engineers; Patrick T. Miyaki, Attorney; Patrick D. Waller, General Manager; and Lucy E. Xavier,
District Secretary.
2. COMMENTS FROM THE PUBLIC: Daniel Alexander, former Board member, was
present.
3. MINUTES: It was moved by Director Solomon, seconded by Director Johnson, that the
minutes of the special Board meeting held on June 24, 2003, be approved. Motion carried
unanimously—voice vote. It was then moved by Director Solomon, seconded by Director Johnson,
that the minutes of the regular Board meeting held on July 9, 2003, be approved. Motion carried
unanimously—voice vote.
4. ENGINEER'S REPORT:
Neary Tank No. 2 Retaining Wall Project Mr. Harris reviewed the Engineers' memo dated July 25.
He reported that all work, including punch list items, had been completed satisfactorily and in
accordance with the Contract Documents and recommended that the project be accepted. He noted that
the retained amount of $6, 317.37 would be released after a 35 -day lien period.
It was then moved by Director Johnson, seconded by Director Solomon, that Resolution 2003-9,
attached hereto, accepting as complete the Neary Tank No. 2 retaining wall project and authorizing the
recordation of a notice of completion be adopted. Motion carried—roll call vote.
Ayes: Directors Fenwick, Johnson, Seidel, Solomon and Vayntrub
Noes: None
Absent: None
Main lnstallation Projects Mr. Ushiro reviewed the Engineers' memo dated August 8. He noted that
the bid opening on August 5 for the Adobe -Priscilla Loop, Foothill Lane, Willow Pond Lane and
Canario Way Water Main Project had yielded four bids. The low bidder was Pacific Underground
Contraction, Inc. with a total bid amount of $754,723. (The Engineer's Estimate was $978,050.) After
some discussion, it was moved by Director Johnson, seconded by Director Vayntrub, that Resolution
2003-10, attached hereto, authorizing an award of contract to Pacific Underground Construction, Inc.
for the above-mentioned project at a total cost of $754, 723 be adopted. Motion carried—roll call vote.
Ayes: Directors Fenwick, Johnson, Seidel, Solomon and Vayntrub
Noes: None
Absent: None
5. WATER CONSERVATION I LANDSCAPING REGULATIONS: Director Fenwick
reviewed her memo which summarized a meeting held that morning with the Manager and Director
Solomon. They had discussed the discouraging results of the City of Hillsborough's conservation
AUGUST 13, 2003
ordinance and, according to a graph presented by Director Solomon, had concluded that
Hillsborough's ordinance had not significantly lowered the City's water usage.
Director Fenwick noted that the District might undertake a study of several homes that currently use a
great deal of water for their landscaping to determine the savings had the Town instituted a landscape
ordinance in 1999. This study may be helpful prior to going before the Town Council a second time to
request that they adopt a landscape ordinance.
Director Vayntrub did not agree that an ordinance would achieve the results the Board wanted. He said
that sending out conservation materials or instituting a landscaping ordinance will not change the
watering habits of most high -use customers and that charging higher rates might be the only way to
force conservation among these users.
The Board then discussed the possibility of implementing a water waste ordinance, modeled after one
instituted by the Coastside County Water District. The Attorney noted that Purissima's Policies and
Regulations do address extraordinary water use, specifically "Water furnished by the District shall not
be used in a wasteful or negligent manner on a customer's premises." He said that this would be
enough to act upon, if needed, but noted that the Board would have to evaluate how to enforce the
rules and regulations of a water waste ordinance, such as installing flow restrictors or charging
monetary penalties. After further discussion, it was moved by Director Seidel, seconded by Director
Solomon, that Staff prepare a draft water waste ordinance. Motion carried—voice vote.
Ayes:
Directors Fenwick, Johnson, Seidel and Solomon
Noes:
Director Vayntrub
Absent:
None
Director Fenwick noted that the District might start offering rebates on landscape devices similar to
what East Bay MUD offers. Rebates for apparatus such as rain shut off devices, moisture sensors and
check valves will encourage customers to install these devices which will help conserve water. These
rebates could be paid for through a "conservation charge." The Board thought it a good idea to explore
the idea of rebates and directed the Manager to look into the costs of these devices. Director Solomon
also suggested that customers be rewarded in some way for reducing water usage—perhaps their name
could be mentioned in the District's monthly newsletter. The Board also agreed that the District's new
operations center should have a xeriscape garden.
113
Field Reaorl The Manager reported on the following:
➢ A vulnerability assessment of the District has been started with a consultant, Elizabeth Teien,
and should be completed by June 30, 2004.
➢ Zone 4 has been flushed.
➢ The Altamont surge valve has been plumbed to accommodate a flapper valve for the new
SCADA system.
➢ A sampling station has been installed on Appaloosa Way.
➢ A main break had been caused by the Town's contractor while installing a sewer line in an
easement area between Alejandro Drive and Thendara Way.
Customer Communications Ms. Xavier noted that several customers bad called after reading the July
newsletter to request the District's landscaping guidelines.
2
PURISSIMA HILLS WATER DISTRICT
REGULAR MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECFORS
ndscaping programs
Page 1 of 3
lame: Er: wafgrsgri, aJWA: landscaping programs ATTACHMENT Ii
• • 'i + e - Water Emergency News For teachers 9usiness a permits About us Contact us
Search r--�i +Go!
Landscaping programs a
Moiler �/^�J, By using water -efficient gardening techniques, you can create a RRelated Information
beautiful garden while cutting landscape water use from 20 to 80 lal
percent. Whether you're planting a new landscape or renovating an
established one, the following Santa Clara Valley Water District a i of b fo water -
Wise GaMenlna (PDF 1.4
programs can help you conserve water. MBl
For homeowners
Water Efficient Landscaping Workshops
Pemits for work1nad
watercourses
Offered each spring to Santa Clara County residents, the FREE I a ate.services for
workshop series covers practical information such as water -saving businesses
garden design, plant selection and landscape maintenance. The
classes are taught by landscape experts.
2004 workshops are scheduled for Saturdays In March. Here is the
schedule and pertinent information. [PDF 286 KB]
For more information, or to be added to the mailing list, call the
Water Conservation Hotline at (408) 265-2607, ext. 2554. Or, ;end
us an e-mail.
Going Native Garden Tour
The Going Native Garden Tour will take place on Sunday, April 18,
2004. This tour showcases a variety of home gardens landscaped
primarily with California native plants. These gardens are water -
wise, low maintenance, bird and butterfly friendly, as well as
attractive. Admission to the tour is free; registration is required at
www Go!nQNatiypFardgnTour corn.
Water -Wise House Calls
Are you concerned about high water bills and would you like to use
less water? Sign up today for a FREE House Call. House Calls are
available for Santa Clara County residents. Trained water surveyors
will come out to your home or apartment complex and spend at
least an hour with you, reviewing your water use, providing low -
flow showerheads and aerators (if needed), and sugesting water -
wise recommendations - including an irrigation schedule for your
lawn. More information here.
For businesses
Irrigation Technical Assistance Program (ITAP)
Since 1994 the Santa Clara
Valley Water District has
been helping landscape
managers improve their
irrigation efficiency.
to://vallevwater.orE/Water/Water conservation/Landscaping/index.shtm 6/18/2004
Landscaping programs
Through the innovative Irrigation Technical Assistance Program
(ITAP), auditors perform free site evaluations to assist property
owners in better managing their water use. Our audits show
potential savings of up to $1,000 per year per acre of landscape.
Learn more about the program here.
For landscape professionals
Landscape Water Auditing and Water Budget Training Class
Presented by the Santa Clara Valley Water District in partnership
with Cal Poly State University, San Luis Obispo - ITRC.
How would you like to:
• Cut overhead costs
• Establish healthier landscapes
• Fully implement AB 325, the Water Conservation
Landscaping Act
• And conserve water
Enroll your landscape maintenance staff in training sessions on
Landscape Irrigation Auditing and Landscape Water Budgeting.
For more information call Toni Vye at the Santa Clara Valley Water
District, (408) 265-2607, ext. 2526; or the Water Conservation
Hotline at (408) 265-2607, ext. 2554. Or, send us an e-mail.
Irrigation Training Workshops for Professionals
Designed for landscape professionals, these workshops bring
students the latest in water -efficient landscaping and irrigation
techniques. Classes in both English and Spanish use classroom and
field settings. To be added to our mailing list, call the Water
Conservation Hotline at (408) 265-2607, ext. 2554. Or, send us an
e-mail.
Best Management Practices (BMPs) for turf and
landscape irrigation
The Irrigation Association is In the process of developing BMPs that
will benefit the individuals and organizations that will implement
them. Check the status of this effort at the Irrigation Association
Web site.
Additional Resources
• Demonstration Gardens are great for looking for ideas for
your water -wise garden. Water -efficient demonstration
gardens are wonderful sources of inspiration and practical
information. Visit any of the following demonstration gardens
to find interesting plants suitable for our climate. All are
Page 2 of 3
http://valleywater.orgfWater[Water_conservation/Landscapinglindex.shtm 6/18/2004
ndscaping programs
open to the public at no cost.
• Looking for plants that are water -wise? Many nurseries In the
Bay Area carry such plants and other water -efficient
materials.
Need more information, call our Water Conservation Hotline at
(408) 265-2607, ext. 2554, send us an e-mail, or check out these
organizations:
• U. C. C000perative Extension -Master Gardener Program
2175 The Alameda, Suite 200
San Jose CA 95014
(408) 299-2638
• California Native Plant Society
Santa Clara Valley Chapter
Stanford CA
(650)856-7579
www stanford e.du/ rawlings/blazcon htm
aviding shoom stewardship, whotesafe water supply, cnd food proteetion for sesdo Clara Cov
2002 Santa Clara Valley Water District. Ail rights reserved.
Page 3 of 3
tp://valleywater.orgfWater/Water_conservation/Landscaping/index.shtm 6/18/2004